Chapter 2 Part 2 Flashcards
Where ribs 1-10 attach
Sternum
Flat cells in charge of gas exchange
Type 1 Pneumocytes
Cuboidal cells that act as a surfactant – reduces surface tension; lubrication
Type 2 Pneumocytes
What are ways that we protect the airway system?
Nostril hairs, mucus membranes in upper respiratory system, cilia and lymphatic system
Hair covering epithelium of bronchi; Pushes contaminants up, leading to sensation in larynx – clear throat
Cilia
suspends pollutants in mucus, sends to bronchioles, then coughed out
Lymphatic system
Main muscle of inspiration, contracts in vertical and transverse dimension
Diaphragm
What way do the lungs move when the diaphragm contracts?
down
bronchial passageways connecting the mainstem bronchi with the individual lobes of the lungs
Lobar bronchi
Last bronchioles in the respiratory tree, connecting the respiratory tree to the alveoli
Terminal respiratory bronchioles
Superior-inferior dimension of the thorax movement, generated by the contraction of the diaphragm
Vertical dimension
Antero-posterior and lateral dimensional expansion of the thorax generated by the contraction of the accessory muscles of inspiration
Transverse dimension
Pleural lining encasing lungs
Visceral pleura
Pleural linings of the thoracic cavity
Parietal pleura
Parietal pleural lining covering the mediastinum
Mediastinal pleura
Parietal pleural lining covering the diaphragm
Diaphragmatic pleura
Parietal pleural linings covering the lung superior aspect
Apical pleurae
Space that is occupied by the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, lymph nodes
Mediastinum
Type of tissue that provides a surfactant between the visceral and parietal pleura
Cuboidal cells
Contraction that expands the lungs, drawing air into them through the bronchial passageway
Diaphragmatic contraction
severe allergic reaction characterized by the constriction of bronchioles
Asthma
inflammation of the lining of the bronchioles
COPD bronchitis
condition in which the alveoli deteriorate, causing the lungs to lose their elasticity
Emphysema
condition in which the alveoli become filled with fluid, preventing the exchange of gases
Pneumonia
irregular & uncontrolled growth of tumors in the lung tissue
Lung cancer
a genetic defect that causes excessive mucus production that clogs the airways.
Cystic fibrosis
bacterial infection of the lung (mycobacteria)
TB
legal term describing man-made, occupational lung diseases that are contracted by prolonged breathing of coal mine dust
Black lung
What are the 2 types of COPD?
Bronchitis, Emphysema
