Chapter 8

Question 1

What is the purpose of Psychometric theories

Answer 1

• uses patterns of test perfomance as a starting point to answer questions
• test that are designed to help us assess intelligence.

Question 2

Types of pscyhometric tests

Answer 2

Sperman

Thurstone

Hierarchical theories (Carroll’s theory)

Question 3

Sperman theory

Answer 3

Provides a measure of general intelligence

general intelligence = problem solving, cognitive capabilities, ability to think things through

Question 4

Thurston theory

Answer 4

says that we have a specific intelligence = things that we have learned

eg. word comprehension, vocabulary

Question 5

What is different about Carroll’s theory?

Answer 5

its a compromise between Sperman (general) and Thustone (specific)

Question 6

Fluid vs Crystallized

Answer 6

• Fluid: Ability to perceive relations among stimuli
  –> Problem solving, something that no one can really teach you how to do

Crystallized : knowlegde and skills accumulated within one’s culture
–> things that I would have learned

Question 7

Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences

Answer 7

there are 9 types of intelligence

Question 8

what are the 9 intelligences

Answer 8

linguistic: use language effectively and creatively.

logical-mathematical:logical reasoning, problem-solving, and mathematical calculations

spatial: involves visualizing and manipulating objects in one’s mind.

musical: ability to understand, create, and interpret music.

bodily-kinesthetic: involves using one’s body effectively, whether in sports, dance, or hand-eye coordination activities.

Interpersonal: capacity to understand and interact effectively with others , often empathetic and skilled at communication

intrapersonal: related to self-awareness and understanding one’s own emotions, motivations, and goals.

naturalistic: relates to recognizing, categorizing, and understanding nature and living things. connected to the environment

existential: involves contemplating deep questions about human existence, such as the meaning of life and death.

Question 9

What is the second aspect of intelligence according to Gardner

Answer 9

Emotional Intelligence

Question 10

What is emotional intelligence

Answer 10

Ability to perceive emotions accurately, understand emotions, and regulate emotions

• They can talk to somebody and be able to recognize their non verbal emotions – they also have ability to be flexible with their response
  
  • these are people who are good at validating – understand the emotion.

Question 11

Emotional Intelligence and Indigenous children

Answer 11

• trauma within indigenous people, harder to show emotions – can trickle down multiple generations

Question 12

Sternberg theory of successful Intelligence

Answer 12

Requires 3 types of abilities:

Analytic

Creative

Practical

Question 13

Analytic Ability

Answer 13

can analyze and generate different solutions

Question 14

Creative ability

Answer 14

can be flexible in your approach and problem solving

Question 15

Practical ability

Answer 15

knowing which solutions will work and which will not work

Question 16

IQ is short for

Answer 16

Inteliigence quotient

Question 17

What differs the IQ from the other types of intelligence

Answer 17

IQ is a test used to predict academic success

Question 18

Binet and the development of intelligence testing

Answer 18

• used Mental age to distinguish bright from dull children
• Led to the Standford-Binet

Question 19

What is the average IQ

Answer 19

100

Question 20

What is WISC-V short for

Answer 20

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-V

it includes subtests for 5 cognitive domains and an overall score

Question 21

What makes Wisc-v important

Answer 21

• starts at the age 6
• the test starts to become more stable and reliable

Question 22

Flynn Effect

Answer 22

Increases in IQ scores over time

: our IQ getting higher but were comparing them to other kids our age
academic expectations changes overtime,

Question 23

Impact of ethnicity

Answer 23

• IQ scores developed in NA and a lot of samples were using white people .. this indicates a cultural bias

– Meaning we are not tapping in into things that are important in other cultures

– Testing in a way we assume that they have learned the same way is UNFAIR

Question 24

culture fair intelligence tests

Answer 24

includes test items based on experiences common to many cultures

also looking at samples and recognizing the need of diversity in samples

-made to reduce differences but doesnt eliminate them

Question 25

Impact on socioeconomic status

Answer 25

lower Socio econo individuals tend to score lower Because…
- Lack of funds,
- Priorities (just trying to surviving) not money to enrich intelligence
- Lack of eating, breakfast or lunch.

Question 26

Stereotype threat

Answer 26

knowledge of stereotypes leads to anxiety and reduced performance

if you are a child doing a test with someone who seems different than you, there may be ideas for yourself on how the person might perceive you!

Question 27

Gifted children

Answer 27

also known as Exceptionally talented children

• someone with scores of minimum 130

Question 28

More characteristics about Gifted kids

Answer 28

• have abilities substantially above average
• are passionate about learning
• come up with novel thoughts and actions (divergent thinking)
• must be encouraged and supported to be successful

Question 29

What is divergent thinking

Answer 29

creative thinking, flexibility in their support

Question 30

Example of divergent testing

Answer 30

creativity with a page of circle

Question 31

Intellectual disability

Answer 31

limitations in intellectual ability,

problems adapting to an environment, with both emerging before 18 years of age

here IQ can be less than 7 percentile but we also need to consider other lower adaptive functioning aka life skills

Question 32

Example of Intellectual disability

Answer 32

Down Syndrome

Question 33

What is learning disorder

Answer 33

Children with:
- have difficulty mastering an academic subject

• have normal intelligence, high average or gifted
• absence of other conditions that explain their difficulties

basically you have the potential to do well but you are not performing at the level expected

Question 34

Example of disabilities in children with learning disorder

Answer 34

developmental dyslexia, impaired reading comprehension, and mathematical learning disability or developmental dyscalculia