Chapter 13 Flashcards
What is Social role , Gender role, Gender identity
Social Role: set of cultural guidelines about how one should behave (could impact culture, environment)
Gender Role: Culturally prescribed behaviours considered appropriate for males and females
Gender Identity: The perception of oneself as either male or female
How can we change stereotypes
through stereotype awareness
What is Gender stereotypes
Beliefs about how males and females differ in personality traits, interests, and behaviours
How we view men and woman
We tend to associate traits with men and females. Eg:
Courageous — male
Strong – male
Caring — female
Empathetic – female
Gentle — female
– We see that males are more instrumental
– women are more expressive.
NOT a stereotype shared worldwide meaning there are cultural differences
Learning gender stereotypes
age 4 : they pick up on the gender stereotyped activities
elementary school kids; children learn that traits and occupations associated with males have higher status
older children : see it as general guidelines that are not necessarily binding
+ girls tend to be more flexible
becomes less rigid overtime
Physical differences
boys tend to bigger, stronger, faster and more active, better with gross motor skills
Girls tends to be more healthier (less prone to genetic), better with fine motor skills
Intellectual abilities differences in GIRLS
Girls tend to be better at reading (when little)
Girls have better language skills
POSSIBLE REASONS: could be because moms tend to talk more to daughters than sons (nurture) or the games girls play like pretend house , or that left hemisphere develop earlier in girls (nature)
- better spatial memory for locations of objects, faces, provide more detail for describing past events (tied to executive functioning)
could be linked to language and emotional recognition or hippocampus that are larger for them than boys
Intellectual abilities differences in BOYS
boys have better visual special abilities (determining relations between objects in space)
could be Linked to the games they play as well (cars, lego, playing catch)
Intellectual abilities differences in MATH
Now its academics :
for math – math anxiety ( we find that girls perform better when theyre younger but as they get older, boys do better than girls)
it used to be huge differences. Now we developed an awareness that theres a stereotype about math abilities
Difference in personality and social behavior
boys are more likely to be physically aggressive ( their strength is the body size so use it in a survival way)
–Aggressive behaviors in sons = ends quickly
Girls tend to use relational aggression (verbal) …,because they have a better communicative ability .eg. Making rumours, excluding people, etc.
—Aggressive behaviors in girls = tends to linger, holding grudges
hence why parents are more tolerant of aggressive behavior in boys cus girls hold grudges and never ends
Who are better at expressing emotions and interpreting others
Girls –
boys are in
Frank talk about gender differences
there are differences but there are also more overlaps than there are differences
Gender identity
we are socialized even before we are born (gender reveal parties ; the pink and blues)
As soon as parent finds out, they will interact in a certain way depending on the gender of the kid.
- Girl: people will talk to them more softly
- Boy: people will say things like ‘’look how strong you are! ‘’
Gender schema theory
Children learn their gender so they pay more attention to objects that are considered gender appropriate
Sex assigned at birth
Assigning sex to new born based of genital structure
