Chapter 8

Question 1

What are the parts of the motivation process?

Answer 1

1. Direction - what a person does
2. Intensity - how hard a person works
3. Persistence - How long a person works
   (1) Leader can energize thier followers by activating underlying needs and drives. (2) Then leader can direct the energized behavior toward goals that are important to the employee and the organization. (3) Figure out how to sustain behavior. (+) Feedback to direct and energize.

Question 2

McClelland’s need theory

Answer 2

People have 3 fundamental needs: (1) Need for achievement nACH - the drive to succeed at high levels (2) Need for power nPow - the need to influence others to do what you want (3) Need for affiliation nAff - the need for close personal relationships

Question 3

What is a SMART goal?

Answer 3

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time based

Question 4

Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT)

Answer 4

Individuals who are promotion-focused are oriented toward growth and development, in contrast, individuals who are prevention-focused are oriented toward the things they feel they have to do and focus on their job responsibilities.

Question 5

Learning Goal Orientation (LGO)

Answer 5

Wanting to learn new things at work and see themselves as adaptable.

Question 6

Job Characteristics Theory (JCT)

Answer 6

Theory of motivation -> jobs can be designed so that people are motivated and satisfied as well as perform better. The 5 characteristics produce a sense of meaningfulness in the work.

1. Skill variety - the extent to which people use different skills and abilities at work
2. Task identity - the task is one that people experience from beginning to end
3. Task significance - the degree to which the job is seen as having an impact on others
4. Autonomy - the employee has the freedom to plan and perform his or her own work
5. Feedback - the job provides information on how effective the employee’s work is

Question 7

Job Crafting

Answer 7

The actions employees take to shape, mold, and redefine their jobs

Question 8

Equity Theory

Answer 8

Suggests that people may become demotivated or put firth less effor then they feel that what they give and what they get is not in balance

Question 9

What are the components of organizational justice?

Answer 9

1. Distributive (equity) - fairness of decisions perceived by followers
2. Procedural - perception of the fairness of the process
3. Interactional - how employees are treated by their leaders
4. Informational - the perceived fairness of the communications made by leaders during a process

Question 10

Valence-instrumentaliry-expectancy (VIE)

Answer 10

E -> P : People put in effort when they believe that the effort will lead to good performance
P -> O : The performance will be evaluated accurately and will lead to rewards
V : Employees value the rewards offered by the organization