Chapter 7

Question 1

old immigrants

Answer 1

immigrants who came to the U.S. before the 1880s, mostly Protestants from northwestern Europe

Question 2

new immigrants

Answer 2

immigrants who came to the U.S. between the 1880s and 1910s, mostly from southern and eastern Europe

Question 3

steerage

Answer 3

poor accommodations in a ship’s lower levels

Question 4

Immigration Restriction League

Answer 4

organization formed in 1894 that sought to impose a literacy test on all U.S. immigrants

Question 5

Chinese Exclusion Act

Answer 5

denied citizenship to people born in China and prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers

Question 6

benevolent societies

Answer 6

organizations that helped immigrants in cases of sickness, unemployment, and death

Question 7

How were immigrants who arrived between 1891 and 1910 different from earlier immigrants?

Answer 7

Catholic, Greek Orthodox, or Jewish

Question 8

What purpose did centers on Ellis Island and Angel Island serve?

Answer 8

evaluated newcomers and deported those who couldn’t meet the standards

Question 9

Ellis Island and Angel Island

Answer 9

served as immigration stations during the late 1800s
- Ellis Island is in New York Harbor
- Angel Island is in San Francisco Bay

Question 10

skyscrapers

Answer 10

large, multistory buildings

Question 11

Elisha Otis

Answer 11

developed a mechanized elevator

Question 12

mass transit

Answer 12

public transportation systems (commuter trains/subways)

Question 13

suburbs

Answer 13

residential neighborhoods on the outskirts of a city

Question 14

conspicuous consumption

Answer 14

spending money just to display one’s wealth

Question 15

tenements

Answer 15

poorly built apartment buildings

Question 16

settlement houses

Answer 16

community service centers

Question 17

Janie Porter Barrett

Answer 17

founded one of the first African American settlement houses

Question 18

Social Gospel

Answer 18

called for people to apply Christian principles to address social problems

Question 19

Caroline Bartlett

Answer 19

organized People’s Church in Kalamazoo; established a free public kindergarten, gym, skill classes, sponsored creative activities, and a meals program for workers

Question 20

Why did the physical landscape of US cities change in the late 1800s?

Answer 20

• skyscrapers
• transportation made easier

Question 21

In what ways did new technological developments affect daily life?

Answer 21

growth of suburbs

Question 22

compulsory education laws

Answer 22

laws requiring parents to send children to school

Question 23

Frederick Law Olmsted

Answer 23

designed Central Park in NYC

Question 24

City Beautiful movement

Answer 24

stressed the importance of including public parks and attractive boulevards in the designs of cities

Question 25

ragtime

Answer 25

a form of music that copied the foot stomping of audiences listening to folk songs
- Scott Joplin = King of ragtime

Question 26

How did changes in education affect students in the US?

Answer 26

compulsory education laws forced children to attend school

Question 27

What developments led to an increase in the number of newspapers and novels?

Answer 27

• inexpensive paper
• rise in literature

Question 28

How did the growth of sports affect the daily lives of Americans?

Answer 28

Americans participated in athletic activities daily

Question 29

How did education change in the late 1800s?

Answer 29

• laws were passed to force children into schools
• kindergarten was established

Question 30

yellow journalism

Answer 30

sensational reporting style used to attract readers

Question 31

Aaron Champion

Answer 31

organized the first professional baseball team called the Cincinnati Red Stockings

Question 32

James Naismith

Answer 32

invented basketball