Chapter 14

Question 1

scientific management

Answer 1

every kind of work can be broken into a series of smaller tasks

Question 2

What 2 things did Henry Ford invent?

Answer 2

• Model T
• assembly line

Question 3

assembly line

Answer 3

production system created by Henry Ford to make goods faster by moving parts on a conveyor belt past workers

Question 4

auto-touring

Answer 4

craze that encouraged Americans to take long sightseeing trips in their automobiles

Question 5

What were Americans’ daily lives like after automobiles became more available?

Answer 5

• cars replaced horse-drawn vehicles
• more social opportunities
• auto-touring

Question 6

Alfred P. Sloan

Answer 6

head of General Motors (GM); explained the effect of car owners buying a second car

Question 7

installment plan

Answer 7

plans that allowed consumers to pay for their cars over time

Question 8

How did the economic boom affect consumers and American businesses?

Answer 8

• pro-business policies like tax cuts
• wages increased
• more electricity in homes
• new products and electrical appliances
• encouraged investment

Question 9

The _________ industry was the nation’s biggest business and consumed huge quantities of _____, ______, and ______

Answer 9

• automobile
• glass, rubber, steel

Question 10

What made Henry Ford different from other bosses?

Answer 10

• shortened workday
• raised employee wages
• regulated the morality and personal behavior of his workers (opposed tobacco and alcohol)

Question 11

Volstead Act

Answer 11

enforced the 18th Amendment

Question 12

18th Amendment

Answer 12

made the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol illegal

Question 13

Al Capone

Answer 13

Chicago gang leader; committed bootlegging to control all liquor sales

Question 14

Eliot Ness

Answer 14

special agent hired by the Federal Prohibition Bureau to catch Al Capone

Question 15

Untouchables

Answer 15

Eliot Ness and his top squad of young detectives

Question 16

How did the new youth culture of the 1920s represent change?

Answer 16

• new style of dress
• music
• movie theaters
• dancing
• college enrollment increased

Question 17

Jim Thorpe

Answer 17

one of the best athletes of the 1900s; the first competitor to win both the pentathlon and the decathlon; played professional football and baseball

Question 18

Charles Lindberg

Answer 18

the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris (33.5 hours)

Question 19

Amelia Earhart

Answer 19

the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean

Question 20

Fundamentalism

Answer 20

a Protestant movement that argued that traditional Christian doctrine should be accepted and the Bible is literally true

Question 21

How did jazz music spread to the rest of the world?

Answer 21

many of New Orleans’s most noted jazz musicians moved northward to Chicago and New York

Question 22

jazz

Answer 22

music that originated among African American musicians in the south

Question 23

Louis Armstrong

Answer 23

famous New Orleans jazz musician

Question 24

What city was an early center for the development of jazz?

Answer 24

New Orleans

Question 25

What New York neighborhood became the cultural center of African American life?

Answer 25

Harlem

Question 26

Rose McClendon

Answer 26

a leading African American actor of the 1920s; won fame from “Deep River”

Question 27

James Weldon Johnson

Answer 27

one of the most active Harlem Renaissance supporters

Question 28

Ernest Hemingway

Answer 28

wrote “The Old Man and the Sea” and “A Farewell to Arms”

Question 29

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Answer 29

wrote “The Great Gatsby” and “This Side of Paradise”

Question 30

How did the writers and musicians of the Harlem Renaissance contribute to American culture?

Answer 30

works that covered the issues at hand

Question 31

How did the major themes expressed in the novels of Lost Generation writers reflect the issues of the 1920s?

Answer 31

World War I struggles

Question 32

How did the growth of U.S. cities and the introduction of new technology influence the visual arts of the 1920s?

Answer 32

new designs and culture

Question 33

How did advertising, installment buying, and planned obsolescence boost the nation’s economy in the 1920s?

Answer 33

increased desire for new goods and more demand

Question 34

How did women’s roles change in the 1920s and how did these changes affect others?

Answer 34

new dress styles, music, dancing, women in college and getting better jobs

Question 35

What was the price of a Ford automobile in 1909 and 1924?

Answer 35

1909: $850
1924: $290