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History > Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the New Deal provide relief for the unemployed?

A

Congress approved 15 relief and recovery measures

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2
Q

Emergency Banking Act

A

authorized the federal government to regulate banks and allow those that were financially sound to reopen

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3
Q

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

A

insured each bank deposit up to $5,000

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4
Q

Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC)

A

assisted home owners who couldn’t meet their mortgage payments

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5
Q

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

A

distributed $500 million in relief aid to state and local agencies

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6
Q

Frances Perkins

A

secretary of labor for the Roosevelt administration

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7
Q

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A
  • planted 217 million trees during the Dust Bowl and created a windbreak that stretched from Texas to Canada
  • provided relief for many unemployed young men between the ages of 18 and 25 (250,000 men) during the depression
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8
Q

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

A
  • stimulated industrial and business activity and reduced unemployment (stabilized prices, raised wages, limited work hours, and provided jobs)
  • created the Public Works Administration (PWA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA)
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9
Q

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

A

paid farmers to reduce their output of corn, cotton, dairy products, hogs, rice, tobacco, wheat, etc.

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10
Q

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

A

built dams and built several power station that provided electricity, flood control, and recreational facilities for the region

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11
Q

Robert C. Weaver

A

African American adviser for the Department of the Interior on racial matters
- helped over 100 African Americans get posts in the federal government

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12
Q

Marian Anderson

A

a world-famous African American singer

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13
Q

John Collier

A

founded the American Indian Defense Association (fought to protect religious freedom and tribal property)

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14
Q

How did the program of the TVA affect daily life and the standard of living in the area?

A

provided electricity, flood control, and jobs

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15
Q

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

A

regulates companies that sell stocks and bonds

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16
Q

What were the criticisms aimed at the new deal?

A

it destroyed the constitution and free enterprise

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17
Q

Dr. Francis E. Townsend

A

a liberal reformer who opposed the New Deal
- wanted the government to grant a pension of $200 a month to every American over 60

18
Q

Huey Long

A

a corrupt U.S. Senator from Louisiana; had the most radical plan
- wanted to tax the rich and provide steady income to every American

19
Q

National Youth Administration (NYA)

A

provided high-school and college age Americans (16-25) with part time jobs

20
Q

Social Security Act

A
  • provided unemployment insurance to workers who lost their jobs
  • provided pensions to workers over 65
  • provided payments to people with disabilities, the elderly, and widows and children
21
Q

How did President Roosevelt win re-election easily in 1936?

A

earned the support of laborers, farmers, African Americans, and Republicans

22
Q

Nine Old Men

A

what Roosevelt named the Supreme Court justices; six were 70 or older and he wanted to replace them

23
Q

Agricultural Adjustment Act

A

promoted crop reduction and conservation

24
Q

What caused Roosevelt’s recession?

A

his public works programs

25
Q

What were the effects of the Dust Bowl?

A
  • buried fences and farm machinery
  • drought
  • turned 50 million acres into a wasteland
26
Q

How did environmental changes in the Great Plains lead to changes in migration?

A

drought forced people to migrate west

27
Q

Dorothea Lange

A

one of the most talented photographers of the depression era

28
Q

Federal Project Number One

A

sought to encourage pride in American culture by providing work to artists in the fields of writing, theater, music, and visual arts

29
Q

What was the purpose of Federal Project Number One?

A

provided artists with jobs

30
Q

John Steinbeck

A

wrote The Grapes of Wrath

31
Q

Margaret Mitchell

A

wrote Gone With the Wind

32
Q

Jacob Lawrence

A

Harlem artist who portrayed the daily lives of African American heroes

33
Q

How did music change in the 1930s?

A

more gospel and traditional sounds

34
Q

How did the works of artists such as John Steinbeck and Georgia O’Keefe reflect the hard times of the depression?

A
  • paintings showed the natural difficulty of the depression
35
Q

How did the Roosevelt administration expand the role of the federal government in regulating the economy?

A
  • provided jobs and wages
  • public works projects
  • provided help to farmers
36
Q

Why might the Supreme Court have declared some New Deal measures unconstitutional?

A
  • larger taxes on the wealthy
  • interfered with free enterprise
37
Q

What effects did migration from the Dust Bowl have on the West Coast?

A

greater population in California

38
Q

How did criticism of the first New Deal shape the second New Deal?

A
  • Social Security Act
  • helped small businesses and industries
39
Q

How do New Deal programs affect the lives of U.S. citizens today?

A
  • Social Security Act
  • national parks
  • art projects
40
Q

What actions did people from various ethnic and racial groups take in the 1930s to expand their economic and political opportunities?

A
  • African Americans got jobs in the federal government
  • Native Americans fought for religious freedom and property ownership
41
Q

Farm Credit Administration (FCA)

A

provided loans to farmers and allowed them to pay off mortgages and back taxes

History (20 decks)

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