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History > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

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1
Q

totalitarian state

A

a country where the government has complete control

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2
Q

isolationism

A

withdrawal from world affairs

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3
Q

disarmament

A

reducing the size of a country’s military

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4
Q

anti-semitism

A

hatred of Jews

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5
Q

appeasement

A

giving in to demands in an attempt to avoid a larger conflict

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6
Q

Axis Powers

A

Germany, Italy, Japan

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7
Q

Allied Powers

A

United States, Britain, France, Poland

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8
Q

Winston Churchill

A

became Prime Minister of Britain and helped defeat Hitler; feared appeasement

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9
Q

Benito Mussolini

A

leader of Italy that started the fascist movement

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10
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

leader of Nazi party in Germany; joined a radical political organization and planned to overthrow the German government in 1923

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11
Q

How did economic problems contribute to political unrest after WWI?

A
  • weakened efforts to maintain peace
  • led to the rise of totalitarian leaders
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12
Q

How did the fascist dictatorships in Europe restrict civil liberties?

A
  • limited free speech
  • limited voting
  • banned strikes
  • persecuted religious and ethnic groups
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13
Q

In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles and the Great Depression contribute to WWII?

A

Hitler felt that the war reparations were unfair

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14
Q

How did the attack on Pearl Harbor change Americans’ commitment to fight in WWII?

A

shock and unity

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15
Q

What was the largest U.S. company in Latin America?

A

United Fruit Company

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16
Q

Who was the U.S. secretary who proposed a 10 year naval holiday?

A

Charles Evan Hughes

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17
Q

List 4 foreign policies the U.S. followed after WWI.

A
  • disarmament
  • diplomacy
  • isolationism
  • joined League of Nations
18
Q

How did WWI affect the role of the federal government?

A

increased in size and authority

19
Q

How much money was owed to the U.S. by the allies?

A

$10 billion

20
Q

Who tried to negotiate the end of civil war in Nicaragua?

A

Henry Stimson

21
Q

List two reasons for the Washington Conference.

A
  • naval disarmament
  • Pacific security
22
Q

What was Mussolini’s army called?

A

blackshirts

23
Q

What color shirts did Hitler’s Nazi party wear?

A

brownshirts

24
Q

What was Hitler’s government called?

A

Third Reich

25
Q

Why did Italy become a fascist state?

A
  • high unemployment rate
  • leadership of Mussolini
  • opposition to socialism and communism
26
Q

Who became the Communist party leader in Russia and what was his army called?

A

Joseph Stalin; Red Army

27
Q

What laws deprived Jews of citizenship and destroyed their property?

A

Nuremberg Laws

28
Q

Platt Amendment

A

gave the U.S. the right to intervene in Cuban affairs; canceled in 1936 by President Roosevelt

29
Q

Why did the U.S. intervene in Nicaraguan politics throughout the 1920s and into the 1930s?

A

protect economic interest

30
Q

In what ways was Soviet leader Joseph Stalin a dictator?

A
  • took control of privately-owned land
  • used the Red Army to crush opposition
31
Q

Who did Hitler blame for Germany’s decline?

A
  • Jews
  • communists
  • intellectuals
32
Q

What were the early events of WWII?

A
  • Germany and Italy formed an alliance (Axis Powers)
  • Stalin signed a non-aggressive pact with Hitler
  • Germany blitzkrieged Poland
33
Q

How did the U.S. respond to fascism?

A

remained neutral

34
Q

Why did Japanese leaders respond to conflicts with the U.S. by bombing Pearl Harbor?

A

to prevent the U.S. from interfering with expansion in Asia

35
Q

What officially started WWII?

A

Hitler’s army invaded Poland

36
Q

Pearl Harbor

A
  • December 7, 1941
  • 2,400 Americans died (including 1,103 sailors on the USS Arizona)
  • 20 US warships and 200 aircrafts destroyed
37
Q

What act allowed for 7 billion to be driven and distributed in planes, ships, and supplies to the allies?

A

Lend-Lease Act

38
Q

What events led to U.S. involvement in WWII?

A
  • Germany’s aggression
  • Germany invaded Poland and France
  • Pearl Harbor
39
Q

What leadership qualities did Roosevelt exhibit as he responded to events in Europe?

A
  • tried compromise and isolation
  • remained neutral
40
Q

Who led the Washington Conference?

A

Charles Evan Hughes

41
Q

How did the U.S. role as a creditor nation affect its foreign policy after WWI?

A

countries owed the U.S. money and the U.S. didn’t want to go deeper into debt

42
Q

How did war debts and reparations lead to economic crisis in Germany and other European countries?

A
  • allies couldn’t repay their debts
  • Germany couldn’t pay reparations and had high inflation and depression

History (20 decks)

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