Chapter 5 Tissues of the Nervous System Flashcards
Tissues of the Nervous System
Glial Cells
provide support and nutrients to neurons
Tissues of the Nervous System
Glial Cells
Astrocytes
-Suspends and separates neurons
-Connects to blood capillaries and assists in transporting
substances from the blood to the nerve cells
Glial Cells
Microglia
- Cleans damaged tissue from a lesion in the nervous system
- Surrounds and destroys harmful organisms
Glial Cells
Oligodendrocytes
Form myelin in central nervous system
Glial Cells
Schwanns cells
Form myelin in peripheral nervous system
Neuron (nerve cell)
Communicating elements of the nervous system
Neuron Structure:
Soma
cell body
Neuron Structure
Dendrite
Short projections that conduct impulses toward the cell
body
Neuron Structure
Axon
Longer projection that conducts impulses away from the cell body
Neuron Structure
Axon hillock
Junction between axon and soma
Neuron Structure
Myelin sheath
White fatty covering on axon
• Protects and insulates the axon
• Increases rate of neural conduction
Neuron Structure
Nodes of Ranvier
Area between myelinated segments where the axon is
exposed
• Permit saltatory conduction
The process in which information in the axon passes from node to node, thereby greatly increasing conduction in speed
Neuron Structure
Telodendria
Smaller branches extending from end of axon
Neuron Structure
Terminal buttons
Located at tip of telodendria
• Transmit information to next neuron
• Contain synaptic vesicles
Neuron Structure
Synaptic vesicles
Contain neurotransmitters
