Chapter 3 Phonatory System: Laryngeal Cartilages and joints Flashcards
Structures of the Phonatory System
Hyoid Bone ,
Larynx; Cartilages, Joints, Ligaments and Membranes, Muscles
(Structures of Hyoid Bone): Body (corpus)
Is very mobile.
Does not connect to any other bone in the body.
Structures include projections; the Greater cornu and the Lesser cornu
(Structures of Hyoid Bone): Greater cornu
Articulate with the superior horns (cornu) of thyroid cartilage
(Structures of Hyoid Bone): Lesser cornu
Cone shaped; rise superiorly
Larynx
Protects lower passageway from foreign materials,
Can be used to hold air in lungs,
Generates sound
Laryngeal Cartilages
Thyroid Cartilage,
Cricoid Cartilage,
Arytenoid Cartilages,
Corniculate Cartilages,
Cuneiform Cartilages,
Epiglottic Cartilage(Epiglottis)
(Laryngeal Cartilages): Thyroid Cartilage
Largest of the laryngeal cartilages,
Articulates inferiorly with cricoid cartilage
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Thyroid Cartilage): Thyroid laminae
Also called quadrilateral plates
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Thyroid Cartilage): Thyroid angle
Point at which the two thyroid laminae come together
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Thyroid Cartilage):
Thyroid notch
Superior-most point of thyroid angle
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Thyroid Cartilage): Thyroid prominence
“Adam’s Apple”
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Thyroid Cartilage): Cornu
Located on the posterior portion of thyroid,
2 sets,
Superior, Points toward hyoid bone,
Inferior, Rest on cricoid cartilage
(Laryngeal Cartilages): Cricoid Cartilage
Most inferior cartilage of larynx,
Unpaired, ring-shaped
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Cricoid Cartilage):
Arch
Low narrow portion in front,
Provides clearance for the vocal folds
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
(Structures of Cricoid Cartilage):
Posterior quadrate lamina
Wide and thick portion in back,
Provides point of articulation for arytenoid cartilages
(Laryngeal Cartilages): Arytenoid Cartilage
Located on superior surface of cricoid cartilage
Allows for rocking, gliding, and rotating, (Important for onset and offset of voicing)
(Laryngeal Cartilages)
Pyramidal shape which includes
Structures of Arytenoid Cartilage
Base,
Apex,
Vocal Process; Projects anteriorly toward the thyroid notch, Location of the vocal fold attachment
Muscular process;
Projects laterally on the arytenoid,
Point of attachment for muscles that adduct and abduct the vocal folds
(Laryngeal Cartilages): Corniculate Cartilages
Small horn-shaped, extension of arytenoids,
Support aryepiglottic fold
(Laryngeal Cartilages): Cuneiform Cartilages
Small cartilages embedded within the aryepiglottic fold,
Anterior to corniculate cartilages,
Provide support for laryngeal covering
(Laryngeal Cartilages): Epiglottic Cartilage (Epiglottis)
Leaf-like structure,
Stem (petiolus) arises from the inner surface of the thyroid angle, just below notch,
Attaches by means of the thyroepiglottic ligament,
Protects airway by deflecting food and liquids from being swallowed,
Epiglottis attaches to the hyoid bone via the hyoepiglottic ligament,
Surface of epiglottis is covered with a mucous membrane lining
(Laryngeal Joints): Cricothyroid joint
Synovial (diarthroidial) joint that allows the thyroid to tilt downward. This stretches and tenses the vocal folds,
Joint provides the major adjustments for change in vocal pitch
(Laryngeal Joints): Cricoarytenoid joint
Concave portion of arytenoids articulates with convex portion of cricoid lamina,
Synovial joint (Saddle joint) allows for rocking, gliding, and minimal rotation,
Involved in adduction and abduction of vocal folds
