Chapter 5 Quiz

Question 1

Signal transduction involves _____.

Answer 1

multiple steps

Question 2

Multistep pathways can amplify a signal: a few molecules can produce a _______ response.

Answer 2

large cellular

Question 3

At each step of signal transduction, the signal is transduced into _____ via _____.

Answer 3

a different form, protein shape change

Question 4

Commonly used in cells to regulate protein activity (2)

Answer 4

-phosphorylation
-dephosphorylation

Question 5

Phosphorylation

Answer 5

Protein kinases transfers phosphates from ATP

Question 6

Phosphorylatation cascade

Answer 6

When a series of different proteins in a pathway are phosphorylated.

Question 7

desphosphorylation

Answer 7

Protein phosphatases remove the phosphates from proteins

Question 8

Second messangers

Answer 8

small, non-protein, water soluble molecules that spread throughout a cell by diffusion.

Question 9

Cyclic AMP (cAMP)

Answer 9

widely used second messanger

Question 10

Adenylyl Cyclase

Answer 10

enzyme in the plasma membrane that converts ATP to cAMP activating protein kinases.

Question 11

Ultimately, a signal transduction pathway leads to regulation of?

Answer 11

one or more cellular activities.

Question 12

Signal transduction pathway

Answer 12

sequence of changes in a series of different molecules.

Question 13

protein kinase

Answer 13

enzyme that transfer phosphate group from ATP to a protein.