Chapter 5 planes of the body Flashcards
anatomical position
Standing with feet shoulder-width apart, arms to the sides, with palms facing forward
Anatomical terms: Sagittal plane
divides the body into left and right parts slightly off from the midline
Anatomical terms: Midsagittal
divides the right and left side of the body into equal halves
Anatomical terms: Coronal plane/frontal plane
divides the body into the front and back
Anatomical terms: Transverse plane
Divides the body into an upper and lower portion
Anatomical terms: Cranial/ superior aspect
tword the crown of the head
Anatomical terms: Caudal/ inferior aspect
tword the tail
Anatomical terms: Anterior/ central aspect
before or Infront of
Anatomical terms: Posterior/ dorsal aspect
behind or Infront of
Anatomical terms: Medial aspect
Middle or center
Anatomical terms: Lateral aspecct
On the side further from the middle
Anatomical terms: Distal aspect
Farthest point from the origin of a structure/ attachment point
Anatomical terms: Proximal
Nearest point from the origin of a structure/ attachment point
Body cavities: Cranial cavity
Brain, Spinal cord, Skull
A Posterior Cavity
Body cavities: Spinal/dorsal cavity
Crainium and Vertebral column
A Posterior Cavity
Body cavities:
Two cavities forming the thoracic cavity
Pericardial cavity- Heart
Pleural cavity- Lungs
Anterior cavities
Body cavities: Abdominal cavity
Liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, and small intestines
Anterior cavities
Body cavities: Pelvic cavity
Bladder, rectum, some of the reproductive organs
Anterior cavities
Main Atomic Parts: Head
Subdivided:
The crainium- upper portion of the head, brain
The face- front/lower part of skull eyes, nose, mouth
Main Atomic Parts: Spine
Column of bones that support the head and trunk of the body and protect the spinal cord
Main Atomic Parts: Trunk
Subdivided:
The chest- Ribs, Lungs, heart, esophagus, part of the trachea, windpipe
The abdomen-Stomach, Intestines, Liver, Kidnies, Bladder, some reproductive organs, lower bowles, and rectum
Main Atomic Parts: Extremities
subdivided:
Upper limbs- shoulders, arms, wrists, and hands
Lower limbs- Hip, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet
Organ systems: Integumentary system
Organs: Epidermis, dermis, hair, and sudoriferous/sebaceous glands
Function: Protect, Regulate temp, Secretion, Excretion, Sensation, Absorption, Respiration
Organ systems: Skeletal system
Organs: 206 bones unified by movable joints and attached by ligaments
Functions: Protects organs, supports body structure, and serves as attachments for the muscles
Organ systems: Muscular System
Organs: Volentary/Involentary muscles necessary for movment
Functions: Supports body structure, promotes heat and motion, peristalsis of digestion, facial expressions
Organ systems: Circulatory System
Organs: Heart, Blood vessels, Capillaries, Blood, Lymph, Lymph vessles and nodes
Functions: Controls movement of blood and lymph
Organ systems: Nervous System
Organs: Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves
Functions: Controls and coordinates all of the voluntarty/involuntary functions of the body
Organ systems: Endocrine System
Organs: Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Adrenals, Pancreaes, Ovaries, Testes
Functions: Specilized organs and glads that manufacture and secrete various hormones
Organ systems: Digestive System
Organs: Mouth, Stomach, Intestines, Gastric/salivary gland, Liver, Gallbladder, pancreas
Functions: Breaks down food into simple materials to be absorbed into the lymph and blood
Organ systems: Respiratory System
Organs: Lungs, Nose, Mouth, Pharynx, Tranchea, and Bronchial tubes
Functions: Absorbs oxygen into and releases carbon dioxide from the blood
Organ systems: Urinary system
Organs: Kidneys, Bladder, Ureters, Urethra
Functions: Eliminates liquid waste
Organ systems: Reproductive system
Organs:
Female- Ovaries, Fallopian tubes, Uterus, Vagina, Vulva
Male- Testes, Vas Deferens, Seminal vesicles, Prostate, Penis
Functions: Reproduction
