Ch 5 Cardiovascular

Question 1

cardiovascular system

Answer 1

A network of structures including the heart, arteries, capillaries veins, and blood that is pumped and carried throughout the body

Question 2

Pericardium

Answer 2

The whole double layered membrane structure that encloses the heart

Question 3

Epicardium

Answer 3

Layer that protects the heart; found after the pericardial cavity

Question 4

Myocardium

Answer 4

The cardiac muscle that is Responsable for the pumping action of the heart

Question 5

Pericardium cavity

Answer 5

contains serous fluid to allow the heart movement while also being protected; found between the pericardium layers

Question 6

Endocardium

Answer 6

The inner most layer of the heart; lines the inner chambers of the heart

Question 7

Septum

Answer 7

The wall that separates the hearts 4 chambers

Question 8

Tricuspid valve

Answer 8

Allows blood to flow from the right atrium into the right ventricle

Question 9

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Answer 9

Directs blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries

Question 10

Bicuspid/Mitral valve

Answer 10

Allows blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventrical

Question 11

Aortic semilunar valve

Answer 11

Permits blood to flow from the left ventrical into the aorta

Question 12

Arteries

Answer 12

Thick muscular and elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart

Question 13

Arterioles

Answer 13

Small blood vessels branching off arteries controlling the blood flow to the capillaries

Question 14

Capillaries

Answer 14

Smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles (which carry blood away from the heart) and venules (which carry blood back to the heart

Question 15

Venules

Answer 15

Microscopic vessels that continue from the capillaries and merge to form veins

Question 16

Veins

Answer 16

Thin blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from capillaries back to the heart

Question 17

Aorta

Answer 17

Main artery of the body

Question 18

Vasoconstriction

Answer 18

The contraction of the arterial walls

Question 19

Vasodilation

Answer 19

The relaxation and enlargement of the arterial walls

Question 20

Venous pump

Answer 20

Prevents blood from flowing backwards within the veins

Question 21

Diffusion

Answer 21

Process which substance move from an area of higher concentration to and area of lower concentration

Question 22

filtration

Answer 22

Process which blood pressure pushes fluid and substance through the capillary wall and into the tissue spaces

Question 23

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 23

Blood circulation from the heart to the lungs and back again to the heart

Question 24

Systemic circulation

Answer 24

Blood circulation from the left side of the heart throughout the body back again to the heart

Question 25

Atherosclerosis

Answer 25

Elevated amount of cholesterol causing plaque interferfering with blood flow and creating blood clots

Question 26

Phlebitis

Answer 26

Inflamation of a vein

Question 27

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 27

The presence of a blood clot in an inflamed vein

Question 28

Aneurysm

Answer 28

Ballooning of the artery from weakening walls

Question 29

Cerebrovascular accident

Answer 29

stroke; caused by disturbance in the cerebral circulation

Question 30

Myocardial infraction

Answer 30

Heart attack; Reduced blood flow in the coronary arteries that supply the heart

Question 31

Vericose veins

Answer 31

Protruding, bulbus veins; caused by prolonged standing or blockage. Veins begin to enlarge and stretch to the point they become incompetent

Question 32

Hematoma

Answer 32

bruse; bleeding under the epidermis and sometimes deep within the tissue of the body

Question 33

Edema

Answer 33

Excess fluid in the interstitial spaces of the body

Question 34

Erythrocytes/ Red blood cells/ Red corpuscles

Answer 34

Carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and transports carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs

Question 35

Hemoglobin

Answer 35

Iron protines compound inside the red blood cells

Question 36

Leukocytes/ White blood cells/ White corpuscles

Answer 36

Protect the body by fighting off infections and toxins that invade the body

Question 37

Phagocytosis

Answer 37

Process Leukocytes engulf and digest harmful bacteria

Question 38

Immune system

Answer 38

Helps protect the body and keep it safe from pathogens and diseases

Question 39

Thrombocytes/ Blood platelets

Answer 39

play an important role in clotting blood

Question 40

Hemophilia

Answer 40

disease causing slow clotting of the blood

Question 41

Anemia

Answer 41

Rapid loss of or inadequate production of red blood cells

Question 42

Leukemia

Answer 42

Form of cancer that results in uncontrolled production of white blood cells