chapter 5 lesson 2 Flashcards
What is the skeletal system?
A description of bones in the body
What causes osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a condition that derives from poor nutrition and physical inactivity
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a condition of reduced bone mineral density, which increases risk of bone fracture
What are the two parts the skeleton is divided into?
The “ Axial skeleton” and the “appendicular skeleton”
What is the axial skeleton?
The axial skeleton is made up of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column. There are approximately 80 bones in the axial skeleton.
What is the appendicular skeleton?
The appendicular skeleton encompasses approximately 126 bones in the human skeletal system.
How many bones are in the human body?
There are a total of 206 bones in the body, with 80 bones belonging to the axial skeleton and 126 belonging to the appendicular skeleton.
How many joints are there in the human body?
There are more than 300 joints in the human body.
What are the main bones in the axial skeleton?
The main bones in the axial skeleton are the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column.
What are the main bones in the appendicular skeleton?
The main bones in the appendicular skeleton are the arms, legs, and pelvic girdle.
How many bones are used in voluntary movement?
Approximately 177 bones are used in voluntary movement.
What are bones also viewed as?
Rigid rods (levers) where muscles attach.
What is known as ‘remodeling’ in bones?
A process that consists of resorption and formation of the bone structure by special cells.
What are osteoclasts cells responsible for in our bones?
These cells are responsible for breaking down old bone tissue.
What are osteoblast cells responsible for in our bones?
Osteoblast cells are responsible for forming and laying down new bone tissue.
New tissue is laid down faster than old tissue is removed, which is why bones become larger and denser.
What is WOLFF’s law?
Scientific explanation of how remodeling occurs along the lines of stress placed on the bone.
What is articular (hyaline) cartilage?
Cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of bones.
What is an epiphysis?
The end of long bones that contains red marrow that produces red blood cells and is also one of the primary sites for bone growth.
What is the diaphysis?
The shaft portion of a long bone.
What is the epiphyseal plate?
The region of long bone connecting the diaphysis to the epiphysis.
What is the medullary cavity?
The central cavity of bone shafts where marrow is stored.
What is the periosteum?
A dense fibrous membrane that covers the bone, provides an attachment site for tendons, and contains nerves, blood vessels, and bone-producing cells.
