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Air Law > Chapter 4A Rules Of The Air (VFR) > Flashcards

Chapter 4A Rules Of The Air (VFR) Flashcards

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1
Q

To what aircraft are rules of the air applicable to?

A

Apply to aircraft bearing national registration marks of an ICAO state wherever the mag be to the extent that they don’t conflict with rules published by the state

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2
Q

Do the rules still apply over the high seas?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What are the VMC minima at or above FL100?

A
  • 8km visibility
  • 1500m horizontal separation from clouds
  • 300m vertical separation from cloud
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4
Q

What are the VMC minima below FL100?

A
  • 5km visibility
  • 1500m horizontal separation from clouds
  • 300m vertical separation from clouds
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5
Q

In airspace classes F and G what are the VMC minima?

A

Below 3000ftAMSL (or 1000ft over terrain):

  • 5km of visibility
  • clear of cloud and insight of ground
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6
Q

Define a commander

A

A designated pilot who is qualified as a PIC who may delegate the conduct of the flight to another qualified pilot

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7
Q

Define a PIC?

A

A pilot who is responsible for the operation and safety of the flight

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8
Q

What are the responsibilities of the commander?

A
  • Compliance with rules of the air
  • planning the flight
  • study all available met reports
  • consider fuel and plan alternates
  • has final authority
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9
Q

When is the only time an aircraft can be flown over congested areas of cities, towns or settlements?

A

Takeoff, landing or with the authority permission

You must be high enough to glide away form that area

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10
Q

What is the minimum cruise altitude?

A

At or above the lowest usable flight level

If below transition altitude use altitude

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11
Q

What shall the aircraft that has right of way do if a collision threat exits?

A

Maintain heading and speed

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12
Q

What must the aircraft that is obliged to give way do?

A

Avoid passing under, over or in front of it unless well clear

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13
Q

When approaching head on what just aircraft?

A

Both turn right

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14
Q

What is classed as head on?

A

20 degrees either side of nose

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15
Q

What are the rules when aircraft are converging and are the same type?

A

The ac that has the ac on its right must give way

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16
Q

What aircraft have priority over powered heavier than air aircraft?

A

Airships, gliders and balloons

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17
Q

What shall airships give way to?

A

Gliders and balloons

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18
Q

What shall give way to balloons?

A

Gliders

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19
Q

During an overtaking situation who has right of way?

A

The aircraft being overtaken

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20
Q

What is classed as overtaking?

A

70 degrees either side of the longitudinal axis

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21
Q

Who has right of way between the aircraft on the ground and on final?

A

The one landing

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22
Q

For two heavier that aircraft on approach who has right of way?

A

The lower aircraft (should not take advantage of this by cutting in front)

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23
Q

Who has right of way, an aircraft taxiing or the aircarft taking off?

A

The aircraft on takeoff

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24
Q

When can an aircarft proceed beyond a stop bar?

A

When it’s lights are switched off

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25
Q

When approaching head on on the ground what must be done ?

A

Both must stop and if practicable turn right

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26
Q

When converging on the ground who has to give way?

A

The aircraft that has the other aircraft on its right

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27
Q

What must every vehicle have when operating on the manoevering area?

A

2 way radio contact

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28
Q

What is the movement area?

A

Aprons and taxiways

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29
Q

What are the purpose of nav lights?

A

Indicate relative oath of the aircraft

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30
Q

What aircraft lights required to be on in flight?

A

Beacon and nav lights

31
Q

What lights are required to be in in the movement area?

A

Nav lights and lights that indicate the extremities of the structure

32
Q

When can pilots turn off lights?

A

When they are likely to affect performance of duties and/or they may cause dazzle to people outside

33
Q

When is the beacon required to be on?

A
  • Day and night

- on engine start

34
Q

What is required to operate in simulated IMC?

A
  • dual controls
  • a qualified pilot acts as a safety pilot
  • must carried out in IMC
35
Q

What is the normal traffic pattern?

A

Left hand traffic unless otherwise told

36
Q

When are you permitted to not land into the wind?

A
  • safety
  • traffic considerations
  • rwy config
37
Q

What is a controlled aerodrome?

A

One that provides an ATS

38
Q

What is a controlled airspace?

A

Airspace that requires clearance to enter

39
Q

When is it mandatory to file a flight plan?

A
  • when flying IFR
  • when crossing international borders
  • when required by the ATS service
  • on advisory routes I’d you wish to use the advisory service
  • any flight over 40km in planes with MTOM over 5700kg
40
Q

How long must a flight plan be submitted before off blocks time?

A

60 mins (can be more)

41
Q

If a flight plan is submitted in flight how long before entering a control area or crossing an airway?

A

10 mins

42
Q

What times are used in flight plans?

A

UTC

43
Q

When shall a flight plan be amended or cancelled?

A
  • a delay of 30mins or more to EOBT (controlled flights)

- a delay of 1hr (uncontrolled flights)

44
Q

What is classed as a significant change to a flight plan?

A
  • changes regarding fuel endurance

- changes to POB

45
Q

When can repetitive flight plans be used?

A

The flight must be operated on:

  • the same day of consecutive weeks for at least 10 occasions
  • every day for a period of at least 10 consecutive days

(Can only be used for IFR flight plans)

46
Q

What does the arrival report consist of?

A
  • ac ID
  • departure airport
  • destination airport
  • actual arrival airport
  • time of arrival
47
Q

Define a clearance limit

A

The point to which an aircraft is granted an ATC clearance

48
Q

When must a clearance be obtained?

A

Prior to conducting a controlled flight or a partially controlled flight

49
Q

How often are changeover points?

A

Every 60nm

50
Q

What can be done if conditions detroitste below VMC?

A

Flight plan can be amended to change destination to alternate or to leave airspace

51
Q

When do you no longer have to report position?

A

When you have been advised to “cease position reporting”

52
Q

What must a position report contain?

A
  • callsign
  • name of RP and time
  • FL
  • time to next rp
  • next rp
53
Q

What does the action after comms failure depend on?

A

The conditions (VMC or IMC)

54
Q

How will ATC confirm an ac has had a comms failure?

A

Execute a specific manoeuvre or transmit a signal in order to indicate acknowledgement

55
Q

What is the squawk code for comms failure?

A

7600 and mode C

56
Q

What must be done in IMC comms failure and is being radar vectored?

A
  • Squawk 7600
  • rejoin flight plan route
  • level no later than next significant point
57
Q

What must be done in IMC comms failure and is under radar?

A
  • squawk 7600
  • return to FDR
  • level after 7 mins
58
Q

What must be done in IMC comms failure and are enroute and not under radar?

A

Fly last assigned speed and level for 20 mins and thereafter fly according to fpl

59
Q

What is the squawk code for unlawful interference?

A

7500

60
Q

What visual signals during an interception can be used?

A

The ones according to appendix 1 of annex 2

61
Q

What shall an aircraft being intercepted do?

A
  • follow intercepting aircrafts signals
  • notify ATS
  • call the intercepting aircraft 121.5
62
Q

What squawk must be used for emergencies and interceptions?

A

7700 and mode c

63
Q

If there is a conflict between fighter and ATC who do you obey?

A

The fighter

64
Q

What does rocking of the wings to the left and ahead of the aircraft mean and how do you respond?

A

You have been intercepted follow me and rocks wings back

65
Q

When can you not takeoff in VFR?

A
  • when the ceiling is less than 450m

- when ground visibility is less than 5km

66
Q

Where VFR flights not be operated unless authorised?

A
  • above FL200
  • at transonic or supersonic speeds
  • above FL290 where RVSM applies
67
Q

What is the minimum height above the ground a VFR flight can fly?

A
  • Below 1000ft within a radius of 600m from the highest aircraft (city)
  • not below 500ft above ground or water
68
Q

Above 3000ft what flight levels must be followed and what is this based on?

A

The semi circular routes and based on magnetic track

69
Q

What is a controlled flight?

A

One that requires a clearance

70
Q

What must be entered into item 8 of flight plan when changing from VFR to IFR and vice versa?

A

VFR to IFR = Z (VIZ)

IFR to VFR = Y (IVY)

71
Q

Can ATC refuse permission to change from IFR to VFR and vice versa?

A

No

72
Q

What must the PIC do if wishing to change from VFR to IFR?

A
  • if a VFR flight plan was submitted PIC must comms changes

- if not mist submit an IFR flight plan and obtain clearance

73
Q

Define EET for Vfr?

A

Time from takeoff until overhead the destination

74
Q

What just controlled VFR flights do?

A
  • two way comms

- make position reports as necessary

Air Law (26 decks)

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