Chapter 4- Integumentary System Flashcards
Epidermis
Outer layer of skin; waterproof layer that functions as protection and contains melanocytes
Dermis
Deep layer of the skin containing sweat and oil glands; also contains tiny muscles attached to the hair follicles (arrector pili)
Subcutaneous layer
Layer of loose connective tissue connecting the skin to the surface muscles; contains blood vessels and fat
Adipocytes
Fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer
Arrector pili
Tiny muscle that attaches to the hair follicle
Hair
Keratinized fibers that arise from hair follicles
Hair follicle
Area from which hair grows; located in dermal layer of skin (dermis)
Keratin
Protein found in hair and nails promoting hardness
Keratinocytes
Cells that make up the epidermal layer of skin and assist in waterproofing the body
Melanocytes
Cells that give color to skin, eyes, + hair
Nail
Translucent plate made up of keratin covering and protecting ends of fingers and toes
Sebaceous glands
Glands that secrete oil (sebum) into the hair follicle and to the epidermal layer of skin (epidermis)
Sebum
Oily secretion of sebaceous gland
Sudoriferous glands
Glands that secrete sweat to the outside of the body; also assist in body temperature regulation
Cry/o
Cold
Cyan/o
Blue
Derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o
Skin
Electr/o
Electric, electricity
Erythr/o
Red
Hidr/o
Sweat
Kerat/o, scler/o
Hard
Lip/o, adip/o
Fat
Melan/o
Black, dark
Myc/o
Fungus
Necr/o
Death
Onych/o
Nail
Pachy/o
Thick
Py/o
Pus
Rhytid/o
Wrinkle
Seb/o
Sebum
Trich/o
Hair
Xanth/o
Yellow
Xer/o
Dry
A-, an-
Without, not
Bio-
Life
Epi-
On, following
Intra-
Within
Para-
Beside
Per-
Through
Sub-
Below, beneath
Trans-
Across, through
-Derma
Skin condition
-Ectomy
Excision, surgical removal
-Genic
Originating, producing
-Itis
Inflammation
-Logist
One who specializes in
-Logy
Study of
-Malacia
Softening
-Pathy
Disease
-Phagia
To eat
-Plasia
Formation, growth
-Plasty
Surgical repair, reconstruction
-Rrhea
Flow, discharge
-Tome
Instrument used to cut
Adipose
Fat, fatty
Atypical
Unusual
Circumscribed
Contained to a specific area
Cyanosis
Blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues
Diaphoresis
Profuse sweating
Dysplasia
Abnormal growth of tissue
Erythematous
Condition of being red
Eschar
Blacked area of burned tissue
Exfoliation
Shedding of dead skin cells
Hyperplasia
Excessive tissue growth
Indurated
Pertaining to an area of hardened tissue
Integumentary
Pertaining to the skin and accessory structures
Pallor
Abnormally pale skin coloration
Pruritic
Pertaining to itching
Purulent
Containing pus
Sebaceous
Pertaining to sebum
Sudoriferous
Pertaining to sweat
Turgor
Condition of fullness
Dermatology
A medical specialty focusing on the study and treatment of disorders of the skin
Dermatologist
Physician specializing in dermatology
Medical esthetician
Licensed professional in the field of cosmetic beauty
Bx
Biopsy
C&S
Culture and sensitivity
ED&C
Electrodesiccation and curettage
FS
Frozen section
I&D
Incision and drainage
PPD
Purified protein derivative
Abrasion
Injury resulting in removal or disturbance of superficial layers of the skin
Abscess
A circumscribed collection of pus caused by bacterial infection
Acne
Inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles marked by papules and pustules
Albinism
A group of inherited disorders with deficiency of pigment in the skin, hair, + eyes
Burn
Injury to the skin caused by heat or other means
Superficial burn
A burn involving only the epidermis; causes redness and swelling but no blisters (ex: most cases of sunburn); commonly called first-degree burn
Partial-thickness burn
A burn involving the epidermis and dermis that usually involves blisters; commonly called a second-degree burn
Full-thickness burn
A burn involving destruction of the entire skin; extends into subcutaneous fat, muscle, or bone and often causes severe scarring; commonly called a third-degree burn
Carbuncle
Collection of large localized abscesses seated in groups of hair follicles connected by channels
Cellulitis
Inflammation of the subcutaneous layer of skin
Cauterization
The use of heat, cold, electric current, or caustic chemicals to destroy tissue
Cryosurgery
Use of freezing temperatures to destroy tissue
Debridement
The removal of any necrotic skin or foreign matter from a wound
Dermatoautoplasty
Syn. autograft
A graft transplanted using the patient’s own skin
Dermatoheteroplasty
syn. allograft
A graft transplanted using skin from a source other than the patient
Steroid
Drug used to treat many inflammatory skin conditions
Scabicide
Medication used to kill mites associated with scabies
Pediculicide
Medication used to kill lice
Liquid nitrogen
Gas used in cryosurgery to remove a verruca or other lesion
Intralesional injection
Injecting medications into a lesion or scar
Antipruritic
Drug used to relieve itching
Antiinflammatory
Drug used to decrease inflammation
Antiinfective
Drug used to decrease or remove infection
Antifungal
Drug used to kill fungi
Dermatome
Instrument used for cutting thin slices of skin for grafting or excising small lesions
Dermatoplasty
Surgical repair of (the) skin
Electrodesiccation and curettage (ED&C)
Burning off of skin growths using electrical currents
Excision
The act of cutting out
Incision
The act of cutting into (surgically)
Incision and drainage (I&D)
A sterile cut into skin to release fluid
Irrigation
Washing out area w/ fluid
Rhytidectomy
Surgical removal of wrinkles
Rhytidoplasty
Surgical repair of wrinkles
Suture
To unite 2 surfaces by sewing
Cicatrix
Fibrous tissue replacing normal tissues destroyed by disease or injury; commonly called a scar
Comedo
Dilated hair follicle filled w/ bacteria and sebum; commonly called a whitehead/blackhead
Contusion
Injury-producing discoloration and swelling without causing a break in the skin; commonly called bruise
Cyst
Closed sac containing liquid or semiliquid substances
Decubitus ulcer
Pressure sore of skin and underlying tissues
Eczema
Inflammatory condition of skin causing redness, scaling, blisters, itchiness, + burning
Excoriation
A scratch mark on skin
Furuncle
Infection of hair follicle; commonly called a boil
Gangrene
Area of necrosis due to lack of blood flow
Herpes simplex
An eruption of blisters on the skin and submucous membranes caused by a local infection of the herpes virus
Herpes zoster
A viral infection affecting the peripheral nerves and causes an eruption of blisters that follows the course of the affected nerves; closely related to varicella; commonly called shingles
Impetigo
Contagious bacterial skin infection typically occurring on the face of children
Jaundice
Abnormal yellowing of skin
Fissure
A deep furrow, cleft, slit, or tear in the skin
Keloid
An overgrowth of scar tissue
Lesion
A pathological change in tissue resulting from disease or injury
Macule
Small flat circumscribed area of skin different in color than the surrounding skin
Nevus
Circumscribed malformation of skin, usually a different color than the surrounding skin; commonly called a mole
Nodule
Solid raised area located in any layer of the skin
Papule
Small, raised, solid circumscribed area of the skin
Paronychia
Inflammation and infection around the nail due to bacteria or fungi
Pediculosis
Infestation of lice
Psoriasis
Common inherited condition causing silvery discolored areas of rough skin primarily on the scalp, knees, elbows, + trunk
Pustule
Small circumscribed elevation of skin containing pus
Rosacea
A chronic disorder of the skin causing erythematous areas, papules, and pustules and also increased sebum production; usually occurs on the face
Scabies
Dermal eruption (caused by mites) that causes extensive pruritus (itching)
Tinea
Fungal infection of the hair, skin, and nails; commonly called ringworm
Tinea capitis
Fungal infection of the scalp
Tinea pedis
Fungal infection of the feet; commonly called athlete’s foot
Urticaria
Eruption of itchy wheals usually related to an allergy; commonly called hives
Varicella
An acute contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus and producing various skin eruptions; commonly known as chicken pox
Verruca
Flesh-colored elevation of skin caused by a virus; commonly called a wart
Vesicle
Clear, fluid-filled, raised lesion; commonly called a blister
Vitiligo
Areas of skin that have decreased levels of melanocytes causing white patches of various sizes
Wheal
Raised, reddish lesion that often changes size and shape and extends into adjacent areas; usually associated with an allergen
Xanthoderma
Any yellow coloration of the skin
Biopsy (Bx)
Process of removing tissue from living patients for microscopic examination
Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)
Growing of an organism from a specimen from the body to determine its susceptibility to particular medications
Frozen Section (FS)
Thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen used for rapid microscopic diagnosis
Scratch test
Type of allergy test in which an antigen is applied through a scratch in the skin
Tuberculosis skin test, syn. Mantoux test, purified protein derivative (PPD) test
Intradermal test to determine whether a patient has tuberculosis or has been exposed to the disease
