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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Integumentary system

A

skin and associated structures (glands, hair, nails)

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2
Q

function of integumentary system

A

protects against
UV radiation
dehydration
injury
infection
temp regulation
touch pressure pain

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3
Q

derma

A

skin

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4
Q

cutaneous

A

skin (latin word cutis)

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5
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of skin, made of epithelial cells

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6
Q

keratin

A

a protein that thickens and toughens the skin

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7
Q

melanin

A

gives skin color and protects against sun

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8
Q

eponychium

A

nail

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9
Q

sweat glands

A

watery fluid, temperature regulations

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10
Q

sebaceous glands

A

oil- lubricates hair and skin and prevents drying (associated with hair follicle)

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11
Q

dermis

A

skin between epidermis and subcutaneous

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12
Q

hair follicle

A

sheath in which hair develops

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13
Q

derm/o, dermat/o

A

skin

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14
Q

kerat/o

A

keratin, horny layer of skin

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15
Q

melan/o

A

dark, black, melanin

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16
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat, perspiration

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17
Q

seb/o

A

sebum, sebaceous gland

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18
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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19
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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20
Q

sebum

A

fatty secretion of the sebaceous glands that lubricates the hair and skin

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21
Q

skin

A

tissue that covers the body; the integument

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22
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

beneath the skin

also hypodermis

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23
Q

sudoriferous glands

A

sweat glands

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24
Q

eccrine glands

A

found all over body, highest in palms and soles

cooling down

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25
Q

apocrine glands

A

armpits and perineal area, pheromones

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26
Q

bulla

A

raised, fluid filled lesion
BLISTER
larger than a vesicle

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27
Q

fissure

A

crack or break in skin

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28
Q

mascule

A

flat, colored spot
- less than 1 cm in size

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29
Q

nodule

A

solid, raised lesion
- larger than papule
- systemic disease

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30
Q

papule

A

firm, circular, raised lesion
- small (less than 1 cm)
- pimple

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31
Q

plaque

A

superficial, flat, slightly raised differentiated patch more than 1 cm in diameter

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32
Q

pustule

A

raised pus-filled lesion

many times in pore or hair follicle

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33
Q

ulcer

A

lesion from destruction of skin/subcu tissue

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34
Q

vesicle

A

fluid filled raised lesion less than 5mm
- blister/bleb

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35
Q

wheal

A

smooth, rounded, slightly raised
- itchy
- HIVES

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36
Q

dehiscence

A

disruption of wound layers

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37
Q

evisceration

A

internal organs go through lesion

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38
Q

exudate

A

cells drain from damaged tissue
- clear
- bloody
- pus-containing

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39
Q

cicatrization

sik-­ah-­trih­-ZA-­shun

A

scar

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40
Q

keloid

A

excess collagen formation during healing
- asian/african

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41
Q

debridement

A

removal of dead or damaged tissue
- cut
-scrubbing

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42
Q

escharotomy

A

scab removal of thick, dark crust

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43
Q

dermatome

A

skin grafting tool
thin sections of skin

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44
Q

superficial burn

A

only epidermis
- red and dry
- minimal pain
-blanching (whitening then turning back red with pressure)

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45
Q

superficial partial thickness

A

epidermis and superficial dermis
- red
- painful
-blister

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46
Q

deep partial thickness

A

epidermis and full dermis
- weeping surface
-dry (sweat gland damage)
- nerve damage
-blood

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47
Q

full thickness

A

all the way to subcu and deeper
- charred
-loss of limbs
- skin grafting

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48
Q

BSA

A

body surface area

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49
Q

rule of nines

A

for burn BSA (body surface area)
- body surfaces measured in percentages in multiples on nines

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50
Q

burn complications

A

infection
respiratory
shock

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51
Q

pressure ulcers

A

necrotic skin from pressure on bony projections
- decubitus ulcer
- bedsore

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52
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin
- erythema
- pruritis

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53
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

eczema
- chronic
- often shows up in childhood
-allergens, infections, temp extremes, skin irritants

54
Q

psoriasis

A

hyperplasia of epidermis

-large red plaques
- silvery scales
(hereditary/autoimmune)

treat with:
UVB/UVA/laser
immune suppression
topical agents (corticosteroids)

55
Q

pemphigus

A

AUTOIMMUNE
-formation of bullae (blisters)
-separation of epidermal and underlying tissue

56
Q

lupus erythematosus

A

chronic inflammatory disease
- CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- systemic lupus erythematosus (skin AND organs)
erythematous papules - worse in sun
-face and scalp
BUTTERFLY RASH ON NOSE/CHEEKS

57
Q

scleroderma

A

thickening/tightening of skin
collagen overproduction
raynaud’s disease:
- fingers and toes constrict in the cold causing whiteness, pain, numbness

PSS (progressive systemic sclerosis)
- involves internal organs

58
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

most common (75% of cancers)
- exposed to sunlight
- smooth, pearly papule
- doesn’t metastasize

59
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

painless, firm, red nodule
- scales
- ulceration
- crusting
- likely to not metastasize

60
Q

melanoma signs

A

Asymmetry
Borders irregular
Color difference
Diameter >6mm
Evolution (change)/elevation

61
Q

kaposi sarcoma

kap-o-se

A

AIDS
distinct brown area on legs
raised and firm
metastasize with weak immune system

62
Q

dehiscense

A

splitting/bursting of wound

63
Q

erythema

A

redness of skin

64
Q

escharotomy

A

removal of scab tissue from burns

65
Q

eschar

A

scab/crust

66
Q

evisceration

A

protrusion of internal organs (VISCERA) through opening onto skin

hernia through skin

67
Q

pruritus
pru-RI-tus

A

severe itching

68
Q

acne

A

sebaceous gland and hair follicles associated with excess sebum

69
Q

actinic
ak-TIN-ic

A

effects of radiant energy (

70
Q

albinism

A

lack of pigment in hair, skin ,eyes

71
Q

alopecia

A

absence of hair

72
Q

beau lines

A

white lines on fingernails
- systemic disease/injury

73
Q

bromhidrosis

A

sweat that has a foul odor because of bacterial decomposition

74
Q

carbuncle

A

localized infection of skin/SC tissue, pain and d/c of pus, caused by staphylococcus

75
Q

comedo

A

plug of sebum, bacteria, in a hair follicle

blackhead (comedon)

76
Q

dermatophytosis

A

fungal infection of skin, especially between toes (athlete’s foot)

77
Q

profuse sweating

A

diaphoresis

78
Q

dyskeratosis

A

abnormality in keratin formationc

79
Q

cancers of epithelial tissue

A

squamous cell/ basal cell

80
Q

ecchymosis

A

collection of blood under skin by leaking of small blood vessels

81
Q

erysipelas
er-ih-SIP-eh-las

A

acute infectious skin disease with localized redness/swelling/systemic symptoms

82
Q

erythema nodosum

A

inflammation of SQ
tender erythematous nodules
immune response to systemic disease/infection/drug

83
Q

exanthema

A

cutaneous eruption that accompanies disease
RASH

84
Q

excoriation

A

lesion caused by scratching/abrasion

85
Q

folliculitis

A

inflammation of a hair follicle

86
Q

furuncle

A

painful skin nodule caused by staph that enter hair follicle
BOIL

87
Q

hemangioma

A

benign tumor of blood vessels
- birth mark/port wine stains

88
Q

herpes simplex

A

acute infections by herpes
vesicles (cold sore)

89
Q

hirsutism
hir-SUT-izm

A

excessive growth of hair

90
Q

ichthyosis

A

dry scaly inflammation of skin (from root of ichthy/o = fish)

91
Q

impetigo
im-peh-TI-go

A

bacterial pustules that rupture and form crusts

92
Q

keratosis

A

skin condition marked by thickened/horny growth

93
Q

lichenification

A

thickened marks caused by chronic rubbing

94
Q

mycosis fungoides

A

rare malignancy that starts in skin and invades internal organs
large painful ulcerating tumors

95
Q

nevus

A

defined discoloration of skin
tumor, mole, birthmark

96
Q

paronychia

A

infection around a nail

97
Q

pediculosis

A

infestation of lice

98
Q

petechiae
pe-TE-ke-e

A

flat, pinpoint, purplish red spots caused by bleeding within skin/mucous membrane

99
Q

photosensitization

A

sensitization of skin to light (substance induced)

100
Q

purpura

A

hemorrhages into skin

101
Q

rosacea

A

redness of skin, pustules, overactivity of sebaceous glands on face

102
Q

scabies

A

skin infection by mite

103
Q

senile lentigines

A

brown macules appear on sun-exposed skin in adults (liver spots)

104
Q

shingles

A

acute eruption of vesicles along path of nerve

105
Q

tinea

A

fungal skin infection
RINGWORM

106
Q

tinea versicolor

A

superficial chronic fungal infection that causes varied skin pigmentation

107
Q

urticaria

A

wheals - hives

108
Q

venous stasis ulcer

A

ulcer caused from venous insufficiency and stasis of blood

109
Q

verruca

A

small benign epithelial tumor caused by HPV
- WART

110
Q

vitiligo

A

patchy disappearance of pigment in skin

111
Q

xeroderma pigmentosim

A

fatal hereditary disease
-begins in childhood: discolorations of skin
-ulcers
-atrophy of muscle
-photosensitivity
-more susceptible to cancer

112
Q

aloe

A

gel from leaves of plant to treat burns and skin irritations

113
Q

antipruritic

A

agent that prevents itching

114
Q

cautery

A

destruction of tissue

115
Q

dermabrasion

A

plastic surgery to remove scars or birthmarks by chemical/physical breakdown of epidermis

116
Q

dermatoplasty

A

skin grafting

117
Q

diascopy

A

examination of skin lesions by pressing glass plate against skin

118
Q

fulguration

A

destruction of tissue with high frequency sparks

119
Q

skin turgor

A

resistance of skin to deformation- skin returns to original form when pinched
- elasticity
- hydration

120
Q

wood lamp

A

UV light used to diagnose fungal infections

121
Q

DLE

A

discoid lupus erythematosus

122
Q

FTSG

A

full thickness skin graft

123
Q

LE

A

lupus erythematosus

124
Q

PSS

A

progressive systemic sclerosis

125
Q

PUVA

A

psoralen ultraviolet A

126
Q

SCLE

A

subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus

127
Q

SLE

A

systemic lupus erythematosus

128
Q

SPF

A

sun protection factor

129
Q

STSG

A

split-thickness skin graft

130
Q

VAC

A

vacuum-assisted closure

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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