Chapter 16: Female Reproductive System; Pregnancy and Birth Flashcards
fornix
recess around cervix in vagina
rectouterine pouch
where peritoneum dips down to form pouch posterior to cervix, lowest part in peritoneal cavity
endometrium
most deep layer of uterus with rich blood supply, becomes part of placenta, where implantation occurs
myometrium
muscle layer of uterine wall
vulva
all external female genitalia (labia majora/minora) which encloses vagina/urethral opening
clitoris, greater vestibular glands, vaginal orifice, urethral orifice
greater vestibular glands
ducts that provide lubrication for sexual intercourse, part of vulva
openings on sides of vaginal orifice
perineum
region from the external genitalia to anus (cut in an episiotomy)
episiotomy
cut of perineum to facilitate birth
mammary glands
glandular tissue and fat
nourish newborns
menarche
first menstrual period
FSH (in women)
follicle-stimulating hormone
ovum to ripe in ovarian follicle, follicle secretes estrogen
LH (in women)
luteinizing hormone
triggers ovulation and conversion of follicle to corpus luteum
corpus luteum then secretes progesterone and estrogen for endometrial growth
anovulary menstruation
period that is not followed by ovulation (ie birth control menses)
Hormone replacement therapy for menopause
may alleviate symptoms, but has been shown to increase risk of endometrial/breast cancer, thrombi/emboli
what does an IUD do
prevents implantation of fertilized egg
tubal litigation
uterine tubes/fallopian tubes are snipped
RU486
mifepristone, abortion causing agent, used in other countries (blocks progesterone, endometrium breaks down)
fimibrae
finger-like extensions that wave to capture released ovum
gyn/o, gynec/o
study of women’s diseases
men/o, mens
month, menstruation
oo
ovum, egg cell
ov/o, ovul/o
ovum, egg cell
ovari/o
ovary
oophor/o
ovary
salping/o
uterine tube, uterine
uter/o
uterus
metr/o, metr/i
uterus
hyster/o
uterus
cervic/o
cervix, neck
vagin/o
vagina
colp/o
vagina
vulv/o
vulva
episi/o
vulva
perine/o
perineum
clitor/o, clitodrid/o
clitoris
mamm/o
breast, mammary gland
mast/o
breast, mammary gland
candidiasis
imbalance of vaginal flora, fungal infection leads to vaginitis
leiomyoma
benign smooth muscle tumor in myometrium which causes heavy flow
menometrorrhagia
intermenstrual bleeding, heavy flow
mettorrhagia
intermenstrual bleeding
anmenorrhea
lack of menstrual flow
dysmenorrhea
painful/difficult flow
menorhhagia
heavy menstrual flow
endometrial cancer
most common female reproductive cancer, not always detected by pap smear
cervical cancer
colposcope exam
HPV infection
ovarian cancer
no early symptoms
sentinel node biopsy
node that is first to drain around tumor region (inject dye to see where dye drains)
parturition
BIRTH
contractions, expulsion of fetus, delivery of placenta/fetal membranes
gravida
pregnancy
para
birth
abortion
loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks
teratogen
substance that can cause harm to fetus
