Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR 180 Pathophysiology > Chapter 38 GI > Flashcards

Chapter 38 GI Flashcards

1
Q

Upper GI Bleeding Occurs Where

A
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Duodenum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lower GI Bleeding Occurs Where?

A
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
  • Colon
  • Rectum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hematochezia

A

Bright red stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Melena

A

Black/tarry stools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dysphagia can occur due to…

A
  • Stroke
  • Dementia
  • GERD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Symptoms of Dysphagia

A
  • Stabbing pain at level of obstruction
  • Discomfort swallowing
  • Regurgitation of undigested food
  • Unpleasant taste
  • Vomiting
  • Aspriation
  • Weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dysphagia is managed by

A
  • Eating small meals
  • Taking fluid with meals
  • Sleeping with head elevated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GERD

A

Lower sphincter of esophagus does not work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Symptoms of GERD

A
  • Heartburn
  • Acid regurgitation
  • Dysphagia
  • Chronic cough
  • Asthma attacks
  • Laryngitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment of GERD

A

Proton pump inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Intestinal obstruction prevents what to flow through the intestinal lumen

A

Chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Simple obstruction of intestine

A

Mechanical blockage of the lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Functional obstruction of the intestine

A

Decreased motility

Occurs after surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Signs of small intestinal obstruction

A
  • Colicky pains

- Nausea and vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Signs of large intestinal obstruction

A

Hypogastric pain and abdominal distention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammatory disorder of the gastric mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Acute gastritis is caused by what

A

Injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chronic gastritis is caused by

A
  • Chronic fundal gastritis

- Chronic antral gastritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Symptoms of gastrits

A
  • Anorexia
  • Fullness
  • Nasuea
  • Vomiting
  • Epigastric pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease is caused by what

A

H. Pylori
Asprin and NSAID use
Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Peptic ulcer disease

A

-Break or ulceration in the protective mucosal lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Most common ulcer

A

Duodenal ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Duodenal ulcer symptoms

A

Intermittent pain in the epigastric area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Management of duodenal ulcer

A

Relieving the causes and effects of hyperacidity and preventing complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Gastric ulcer

A

Food causes pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Symptoms of gastric ulcer

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Nausea
  • Abdominal indigestion
  • Vomiting blood
  • Unintentional weight loss
  • Fatigue
28
Q

Upper GI has what kind of stool

A

Black/tarry stool

29
Q

Ulcerative colitis/Chron’s Disease

A

Chronic, relapsing inflammatory bowel disorders

30
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

Chronic inflammatory disease that causes ulceration of the colonic mucosa

31
Q

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Urgency
  • Red Bloody stools
  • Cramping
32
Q

Lower GI has what kind of stool

A

Red and bloody

33
Q

Diverticula

A

Herniations of mucosa through the muscle layers of the colon wall

34
Q

Diverticulosis

A

Asymptomatic diverticular disease

35
Q

Diverticulitis

A

Inflammatory stage of diverticulosis

36
Q

Cirrhosis

A

End stage liver disease

Biliary channels become obstructed and cause portal hypertension

37
Q

Alcoholic liver disease

A

Toxic effects of alcohol

-Anorexia, nausea, jaundice, and edema

38
Q

Jaundice is caused by what?

A

Hyperbilirubinemia
White of eyes
Clay color stool

39
Q

Portal hypertension

A

High blood pressure in the portal venous system caused by resistance to portal blood flow

40
Q

Varices

A

Vomiting blood

increased mortality rate

41
Q

What is the most clinical manifestation of people with cirrhosis?

A

Vomiting blood from bleed esophageal varices

42
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy

A

-Increased ammonia level

43
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy early symptoms

A
  • Subtle changes in personality
  • Memory loss
  • Irritability
  • Lethargy
  • Sleep disturbances
44
Q

Later symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy

A
  • Confusion
  • Disorientation
  • Tremor
  • Slow speech
45
Q

Ascites

A

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Most common cause is cirrhosis

46
Q

Hep B and C are what?

A

Bloodborne

47
Q

Hep A is

A

Fecal oral

48
Q

Gallstones are formed due to an increase of what?

A

Cholesterol

49
Q

You experience symptoms of gallstones when what occurs

A

Blockage

50
Q

Cholecystitis

A
  • Inflammation of gallbladder or cystic duct

- Caused by gallstone lodged in cystic duct

51
Q

Symptoms of cholecystitis

A
  • Fever
  • Leukocytosis
  • Rebound tenderness
  • Muscle guarding
52
Q

Pancreatitis

A

-Inflammation of the pancreas

53
Q

Pancreatitis is caused by

A

An obstruction to the outflow of digestive enzymes

54
Q

Acute pancreatitis

A
  • Cellular injury from alcohol, drugs, or viral infection
  • Epigastric or mid-abdominal constant pain
  • Increased lipase and amylase levels
55
Q

Chronic pancreatitis

A
  • Chronic alcohol abuse
  • Intermittent abdominal pain and weight loss
  • Risk for pancreatic cancer
56
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma is from

A

-Smoking and chronic alcohol use

57
Q

Adenocarcinoma is caused by

A

Obesity
GERD
Smoking

58
Q

Esophagus cancer symptoms

A

Chest pain and dysphagia

59
Q

Risk Factors for esophagus cancer

A
  • Age 45-70
  • Men
  • African Americans
  • Diet low in fruits and vegetables
60
Q

Stomach cancer early symptoms

A
  • Loss of appetite
  • Malaise
  • Indigestion
61
Q

Stomach cancer later symptoms

A
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Upper abdominal pain
  • Vomiting
  • Change in bowel habits
  • Anemia
62
Q

Stomach cancer risk factors

A

High consumption of salty and preserved foods

63
Q

Colon and rectal cancer is typically caused by

A

Genetics

64
Q

How to test for colon/rectal cancer

A

Colonoscopy

65
Q

Risk factors for colon/rectal cancer

A

-Low fiber diet

66
Q

What is the highest incidence and number of death of GI cancer

A

Colon/Rectal

NUR 180 Pathophysiology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions