Chapter 30 PEDS Pulmonary Flashcards
Viral Croup
- Common in children 6 months to 5 years
- Commonly caused by parainfluenza
- Subglottic inflammation and edema
- Usually occurs after an episode of rhinorrhea, sore throat, low-grade fever
- Barking cough
- Most resolve within 24-48 hours
Tonsillar infections
- Incidence of tonsillitis secondary to GABH and MRSA has risen in the past 15 years
- Complication of viral infection
- Can lead to upper airway obstruction
- Tonsillar and peritonsillar abscess
OSA (2)
- Partial or intermittent
- Airway narrowing, increased upper airway collapsibility, and airway inflammation
OSA Treatment
- -Tonsillectomy
- Adenoidectomy
- CPAP
Surfactant Deficiency Disorder
- Lack of adequate surfactant
- Primarily a disease of preterm infants
- Caused by surfactant deficiency
When is surfactant produced?
At the end of pregnancy
Surfactant deficiency disorder causes….(2)
- Widespread atelectasis
- Causes hypoxemia
Symptoms of Surfactant Deficiency Disorder (4)
- Tachypnea
- Expiratory grunting
- Nasal flaring and retractions
- Cyanosis]
Cystic Fibrosis inheritance type?
-Autosomal recessive
Cystic fibrosis characteristics
- Mucus plugging
- Chronic inflammation
- Chronic infection of small airways
What cells does cystic fibrosis affect
Mucus producing cells
Causes of cystic fibrosis
-Defective gene alters a protein that regulates the normal movement of salt in and out of cells
Diagnostics for Cystic Fibrosis
- Sweat test (chloride >60mEq/L)
- PFT
- Genetic testing
- CXR
Cystic fibrosis treatment (4)
- Antibiotics
- Mucus-thinning drugs
- Bronchodilators
- Bronchial airway drainage
Cystic fibrosis prevention (4)
- Immunizations
- Pneumovac
- Good hand washing
- Prevent infection
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
- Under 1 year old
- Unexplained
SIDS prevention (5)
- Back-to-Sleep campaign
- Bedding (firm flat mattress, empty crib)
- Head Covering
- No smoking
- Room temperature