Chapter 3.6 - The impact of the Russian Civil War 1917-21 Flashcards
Chapter 3.6 - rcw
chapter 3.6
Political Impacts of the Russian Civil War:
What did the Cheka implement during the Russian Civil War?
War Communism
What was the largest peasant revolt against War Communism?
Tombov’s Rebellion
When was the Tombov’s Rebellion and how many people were killed?
1920-1921, 140,000 killed
What 3 things made up the Red Terror, which the Cheka implemented?
- War Communism
- Elimination of kulaks
- Enforcement of Conscription
What did Stalin use to gain power?
Opposition to the NEP within the Politburo
What happened to peasants?
Peasants were conscripted into the Red Army
What two Politburo members favoured the NEP?
Zinoviev and Kamenev
What two Politburo members opposed the NEP?
Rykov and Tomsky
Economic Impacts of the Russian Civil War:
What happened to Russian economy during the Russian Civil War?
The Russian economy was destroyed by the Civil War
How much did coal production fall from 1913 to 1921?
1913 - 29 million tonnes
1921 - 8.9 million tonnes
How much was the rouble worth in 1920 relative to its value in 1917?
1%
How much of wages were paid in kind by 1921?
90%
How much did industry fall to in comparison of pre-war levels?
20%
How much did the population decrease in cities?
The population of cities was 50% of their 1917 levels
What did the Bolsheviks introduce during the Russian Civil War?
War Communism
Why did War Communism cause chaos?
Smaller businesses such as market stalls were nationalised
What led to starvation in rural areas?
The Cheka forcibly taking food from the countryside and giving it to the proletariat and the Red Army
When did the Bolsheviks realise that change was needed in regards to War Communism?
The Kronstadt rising
What did Lenin replace War Communism with?
The New Economic Policy (NEP)
Where and when did Lenin announce the NEP?
At the 10th Party Congress in March 1921
When was the NEP scrapped and what was introduced?
Scrapped by Stalin in 1929, he introduced the ‘Great Turn’
Social Impacts of the Russian Civil War:
How many people died in the Russian Civil War?
10 million
Who was blamed for shortages in 1918?
Kulaks
What were the Cheka ordered to do?
Requisition any food surpluses
How many people were killed in the famine of 1920-21?
5 million
What caused the 1920-21 famine?
Grain requisitioning, transport problems
How much did food production in Ukraine fall by?
20%
