chapter 35- flowering plants Flashcards
Seed leaf
Cotyledon
Monocots
- ___ seed leaf
- ___ ___ in leaf
- ___ ___ ___ in stem
- ___ root systems
- Flower parts in ___
one parallel veins scattered vascular bundles fibrous threes
Eudicots
- ___ seed leaves
- veins usually ___
- Vascular bundles arranged in a ___
- ___ usually present
- Flower parts in ___ or ___
two net-like ring taproot fours, fives
a long vertical root with smaller lateral roots
taproot
Some roots are modified to store food in the form of ___ – carrots are an example
starch
an extensive network of roots that do not penetrate very deeply into the ground
fibrous root system
The tips of roots are covered with ___ ___. This is where most ___ and ___ are absorbed.
root hairs
waters, minerals
- Prop roots
- Extend above ground and give plants additional support
Adventitious roots
Stems are divided up into ___ and ___
nodes internodes
the point at which leaves are attached
nodes
between nodes
internodes
located at the intersection of the stem and leaf
Axillary buds
located at the tip of a growing stem
Terminal (apical) buds
horizontal stems that allow plants to spread over a large area
Stolons
horizontal underground stems
Rhizomes
ends of rhizomes modified for food storage
Tubers
vertical underground stems
Bulbs
short, swollen stems
Corms
Leaves consist of a flattened ___ and a ___, a stalk (the petiole may not be present)
blade
petiole
a single individual leaf
Simple leaves
divided into many leaflets
Compound leaves
Tendrils, cactus spines, succulent leaves, brightly colored petal-like leaves (bracts), bud scales, and flower parts.
modified leaves
- Relatively undifferentiated cells
- Involved in metabolic functions
Parenchyma
Provides support for the growing portion of a plant
Collenchyma
- Provides support
- Contains lignin
Sclerenchyma cells
Xylem consists of two types of cells, ___ and ___ ___ – these are dead when fully functional. Xylem also consists of fibers.
tracheas
vessel elements
Phloem consists of living ___ ___ – special cells that lack many organelles.
sieve-tube elements (members)
plants that live one year
Annuals
plants that live more than one year
Perennials
live 2 years; growth first year; flower second year
Biennials
on tips of roots and shoots
Apical (primary) meristem
along the sides of roots and shoots
Lateral (secondary) meristem
Plants have ___ growth and ___ growth.
primary, secondary
Primary growth produces the ___ ___ ___ consisting of three tissues: ___, ___, and ___ ___
primary plant body
dermal, vascular, ground tissue
___ growth allows for extension of the roots and shoots of a plant.
Primary
___ growth allows for an increase in the diameter of a plant.
Secondary
___ growth produces the key constituents of wood and bark.
Secondary
