Chapter 34- vertebrates Flashcards
1
Q
Phylum chordata
what are the 5 characteristics that they all have at some point in their development
A
dorsal hollow nerve cord (only chordates have this structure) notochord pharyngeal slits segmented muscles postanal tail
2
Q
a flexible rod between the nerve cord and digestive system
A
notochord
3
Q
Subphylum Cephalochordata
- Lancelets
- ___ feeders
- look like small ___
- no ___
A
filter
fish
brain
4
Q
Subphylum Urochordata
- the ___
- includes ___ ___ and ___
- the adults are ___ ___ ___
- the larvae look like mini tadpoles and have all of the ___ characteristics
A
tunicates
sea squirts, slaps
filter feeding bags
chordate
5
Q
Subphylum Vertebrata
- The vertebrates have the chordate characteristics and characteristics of their own.
- ___ column
- Cranium
- living ___ of bone or cartilage
- ___ circulatory system and a ___ ___ heart
- a variety of internal organs including ___ ___ for excretion and water balance
- an advanced, adaptive, ___ ___.
- ___ crest
A
vertebral endoskeleton closed, 2-4 paired kidneys immune system neural
6
Q
Cyclostomes – “circle mouths” – jawless vertebrates
-2 classes?
A
myxini
Petromyzontida
7
Q
class myxini
- ___ or slime ___
- no ___
- ___ scavengers and predators of ___
- NO ___ ___ - degenerate anatomy
- secrete ___ for defense
A
hagfish, eels jaws marine, invertebrates vertebral column mucus (slime)
8
Q
Petromyzontida
- ___
- live in ___ and ___ environments
- no ___
- some are predators/parasites of ___
- some do not feed as adults (non-parasitic)
- ___ are filter feeders
A
lampreys marine, freshwater jaws fish larvae
9
Q
Gnathostjomes
- ___ mouth
- Vertebrates with ___
- have jaws and ___ ___
- Jaws may have evolved from ___ ___, the hard supports for gill arches
A
jaw
jaws
paired appendages
gill supports
10
Q
Class Chondrichthyes
- Sharks, rays, and ratfish
- ___ skeleton
- have ___ ___ detectors
- ___: egg layer
- ___: eggs develop internally
- ___: the young develop in a uterus nourished by placenta
A
cartilaginous electric field Oviparous Ovoviviparous Viviparous
11
Q
the most numerous vertebrates
-there are 3 classes
A
bony fish
12
Q
- bony fish gills are covered with an ___
- many have a ___ ___ to control buoyancy
A
operculum
swim bladder
13
Q
Class Actinopterygii
- Ray-finned fish
- The largest Class of ___ ___ and the largest Class of ___
- Most of our familiar fish such as salmon and trout
- The fins are supported by long flexible ___
A
bony fish, vertebrates
rays
14
Q
- the lobe-finned fishes
- include coelacanths and lungfish
A
Sarcopterygii
15
Q
Class Dipnoi
- ___
- they have ___ and ___
- 3 living Genera in South America, Africa, and Australia
- can live in ___ ___
A
lungfishes
lungs, gills
stagnant water
