Chapter 35 Flashcards
most tissues and organs in an animal’s body are affected by which systems?
nervous and enocrine
target cell
the cell that chemical signals travel to in order to pass on messages
synapses
functional contacts made by the axon and certain target cells
fast
neuronal signals travel rapidly and begin and end abruptly
addressed
neuronal signals are delivered to ihghly defined target cells
where do endocrine cells release their chemical signals?
into the blood
hormones
signals released by the endocrine system
slow
hormonal signals operate on much longer time scales than individual neuronal signals
broadcast
after a hormone is released into the blood, all cells in the body are potentially exposed to it
what does the nervous system control?
fine, rapid movements of discrete skeletal muscles
what does the endocrine system control?
widespread, prolonged activities such as developmental or metabolic changes
pheromones
chemical signals that an individual animal releases into its external environment
pituitary gland
found at the base of the brain, secretes hormones that control the functions of other glands
posterior pituitary
hormones are synthesised and secreted by brain neurosecretory cells
what hormones are secreted in the posterior pituitary system
antiduiretic hormone and oxytocin
