Chapter 3 part 4

Question 1

what is adolescence?

Answer 1

transition from childhood to adulthood beginning around 10-12 years with puberty and ending at 18-21 years

Question 2

when does your brain grow the most during your lifetime?

Answer 2

during adolescence

Question 3

what is puberty?

Answer 3

a period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturity that occurs during early adolescence

Question 4

what happens when you mature sexually?

Answer 4

you are capable of reproducing and your brain has changed to allow for this and sexual attraction

Question 5

how long does puberty last?

Answer 5

a few years (rapid change)

Question 6

what areas of the brain change during puberty?

Answer 6

amygdala and prefrontal cortex

Question 7

how does the amygdala change during puberty?

Answer 7

it is in charge of aggression and sexual behavior and is up to the amygdala to generate these emotions and urges

Question 8

how does the prefrontal cortex change during puberty?

Answer 8

it matures and stops you from acting on the emotions produced by the amygdala (not doing drugs or getting in fights)

Question 9

what happens when you do drugs or drink heavily during adolescence?

Answer 9

you do permanent damage to your prefrontal cortex and are stuck in the stage of adolescence forever

Question 10

why do adolescents do a lot of risky behaviors?

Answer 10

because their prefrontal cortex development lags behind the amygdala’s development. they have these new emotions and can’t control them well

Question 11

what is adolescent egocentrism?

Answer 11

belief that others are as preoccupied with the adolescent as they are

Question 12

what is personal fable?

Answer 12

adolescents feel like they are their own person with very unique experiences and they are invincible

Question 13

what is the negative side of personal fable?

Answer 13

it creates a feeling of isolation because the adolescent feels they are the only one experiencing these things

Question 14

why do we need personal fable?

Answer 14

to establish our own identity

Question 15

what is imaginary audience?

Answer 15

belief that everyone is noticing and watching the adolescent ex: they are worried everyone is judging them for the zit they have on their face when in reality everyone else is preoccupied with themselves

Question 16

what is identity development?

Answer 16

stage in adolescence in which you must find out who you are, what you stand for, and where you are going in life

Question 17

what is identity status?

Answer 17

where an adolescent is in developing their identity

Question 18

what are the two dimensions of identity status?

Answer 18

exploration and commitment

Question 19

what is exploration?

Answer 19

trying on different roles, personalities, and beliefs to see what fits you best

Question 20

what is commitment?

Answer 20

deciding your identity path

Question 21

James Marcia’s theory of identity status

Answer 21

a table that shows where an adolescent is based on where they are in commitment v. exploration

Question 22

what is the term for having not explored nor commited?

Answer 22

identity confusion

Question 23

what is the term for having explored but not commited?

Answer 23

identity moratorium

Question 24

what is the term for having not explored but commited?

Answer 24

identity foreclosure

Question 25

what is the term for have explored and commited?

Answer 25

identity achievement

Question 26

what is identity confusion and when is it expected?

Answer 26

not caring about much in the world, expected in early adolescence

Question 27

what happens when people still haven’t established who they are later in life

Answer 27

can lead to mental illnesses or show underlying mental illnesses like borderline personality disorder

Question 28

what is identity moratorium?

Answer 28

trying on new roles but hasn’t chosen yet

Question 29

what is identity foreclosure?

Answer 29

adopted an identity without actively exploring

Question 30

what is identity achievement?

Answer 30

adolescent explores options and commits to the identity that fits them best – they develop deeply held values and principles, strive for an ideal self, make goals, and live with a sense of purpose

Question 31

what is the fifth stage of psychosocial development and when does it occur?

Answer 31

identity v. identity confusion, from 10 to 20

Question 32

what is the task during the fifth stage?

Answer 32

individuals faced with finding out who they are, what they stand for, and where they are going in life

Question 33

what is the main task during adolescence?

Answer 33

the same task as the fifth stage of psychosocial development

Question 34

what happens when you succeed at the fifth stage?

Answer 34

identity achievement

Question 35

what happens when you fail at the fifth stage?

Answer 35

lack of purpose in life, unhappiness, withdrawal, conformity (acting how their friends and people around them do)