Chapter 13 part 2 Flashcards
mood disorders and schizophrenia
what are mood disorders?
disturbance in affect or emotion
what is another name for mood disorders?
affective disorders
what is major clinical depression?
deeply depressed mood or inability to experience pleasure that comes on fairly suddenly and is out of proportion with the circumstances surrounding it
depression is the number one reason ___________________
people seek mental health services
behaviors and thoughts _______________
change with depression, everything is seen as a burden
depression is twice as likely in _____
women
most depressive episodes end _________
on their own, therapy speeds recovery
depression is often brought on ______________
by stressful events
what is bipolar disorder?
cycling between manic episodes (extreme happiness) and depressive episodes
if you gave someone with bipolar disorder medication for depression, would it work?
no, the treatments are different
what is the key symptom of a manic phase?
little need for sleep
what are the symptoms of a manic phase?
little need for sleep
loud, flighty speech that is hard to interrupt
feeling on top of the world (extreme optimism)
irritated by advice
poor judgment
increased risk taking
increase in creativity and productivity
what is schizophrenia?
long-lasting psychotic disorder (involving a break with reality) characterized by disturbances in thinking, emotions, behavior and perceptions
what is the main characteristic of schizophrenia?
psychoses (disturbances in thinking, emotions, behavior, and perceptions)
what is a positive symptom?
doing something you shouldn’t be doing
what is a negative symptom?
not doing something you should be doing
is it easier to suppress positive symptoms or undo negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
suppress positive symptoms
what are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, irrational thought, word salad
what are hallucinations?
hear/see things that aren’t real
what are delusions?
believing things that aren’t true
what is word salad?
cannot form coherent sentences
what are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
flat affect, catatonia, social withdrawal, lack of speech
what is flat affect?
no emotions
what is catatonia?
awake, but unresponsive, they don’t remember their catatonia episodes
what is social withdrawal?
they don’t go out, hermit
what is lack of speech?
they stop speaking when in an active episode
every person that has schizophrenia has a different __________
array of symptoms
what causes schizophrenia?
probably multiple factors, but there is strong evidence that it is a biological, neurodegenerative disorder
is schizophrenia caused by only genes?
no
when does schizophrenia typically appear?
between 18 and 25
what is the concordance rate of schizophrenia in identical twins?
49%
what is the concordance rate of schizophrenia in fraternal twins?
7%
how did researchers prove schizophrenia has a biological component?
they did a study where people who were adopted had schizophrenia. the adopted family raised them and they had no contact with their biological family, which means their genetic influenced it because there was a family history of schizophrenia
what is the dopamine hypothesis?
theory that is excessive dopamine that causes schizophrenia
what is evidence to the dopamine hypothesis?
drugs that block dopamine reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia
