Chapter 2 part 1

Question 1

what is the nervous system?

Answer 1

the body’s electrochemical communication system

Question 2

What is an electrochemical communication system?

Answer 2

a system that uses electrical signals and impulses, as well as chemicals (neurotransmitters) like dopamine to send messages

Question 3

behavioral neuroscience

Answer 3

the study of how the nervous system affects and controls behavior

Question 4

how is a human’s brain unique?

Answer 4

it has the ability to change, adapt, reform, and regrow as it experiences learning and injuries

Question 5

plasticity

Answer 5

the brain can mold (adapt) under the conditions of learning or injury

Question 6

the young brain is…

Answer 6

much more plastic than a mature brain

Question 7

the mature brain is…

Answer 7

much less plastic than a young brain

Question 8

the right hemisphere of the brain controls which side of the body?

Answer 8

the left side

Question 9

the left hemisphere of the brain controls which side of the body?

Answer 9

the right side

Question 10

the right side of your body is controlled by which hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 10

the left hemisphere

Question 11

the left side of your body is controlled by which hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 11

the right hemisphere

Question 12

when a person experiences an injury at an older age, what do we have to do to get them to use the part of the body that is injured?

Answer 12

we have to show the brain there is a need for that body part (ex: strapping the right arm down so the brain is forced to use the left arm)

Question 13

central nervous system

Answer 13

any nerves that are encased in bone

Question 14

which nerves do not grow back if injured?

Answer 14

nerves in the central nervous system

Question 15

peripheral nervous system

Answer 15

any nerves not encased in bone

Question 16

which nerves grow back if injured?

Answer 16

nerves in the peripheral nervous system

Question 17

is the autonomic nervous system part of the central or peripheral nervous system?

Answer 17

peripheral, because they are not encased in bone

Question 18

autonomic nervous system

Answer 18

motor system than automatically and involuntarily activates or inhibits internal organs of the body

Question 19

what does the autonomic nervous system affect?

Answer 19

pupils, blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, bladder, blood flow, sweat, salvation, and hormones

Question 20

can you control what signals your autonomic nervous system sends?

Answer 20

no, because they are sent automatically and involuntarily (ex: can’t just make your heart rate go down, you have to trick your brain by taking deep breaths)

Question 21

activates nerves

Answer 21

sympathetic nervous system

Question 22

inhibits nerves

Answer 22

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 23

can both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system be activated at the same time

Answer 23

no, because they are opposites

Question 24

sympathetic activation system

Answer 24

uses energy to activate fight or flight

Question 25

when does the sympathetic nervous system activate?

Answer 25

when we are scared or excited

Question 26

how does the sympathetic nervous system work?

Answer 26

after it is activated, it will shuttle blood to muscles to prepare our bodies to get ready to fight or flee, and it can shit down bodily systems (digestion, ovulation)

Question 27

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 27

the opposite of the sympathetic nervous system. it brings your heart rate down, stimulates your stomach, undialating pupils

Question 28

which system works to gain energy?

Answer 28

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 29

which system works to spend energy?

Answer 29

sympathetic nervous system

Question 30

which system is the energy saving system?

Answer 30

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 31

somatic nervous system

Answer 31

sensory and movement system that relays information about touch and pain to the central nervous system, and sends messages from the brain to the muscles to produce voluntary movement

Question 32

what types of nerves are in the somatic nervous system?

Answer 32

somatic sensory nerves and somatic motor nerves

Question 33

what do the somatic sensory nerves do?

Answer 33

receive sensory information and carry it to the brain

Question 34

what do the somatic motor nerves do?

Answer 34

send out signals to produce voluntary movement