Chapter 3: BASIC FEATURES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards
What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
-Clear fluid, similar to blood
plasma
-Fills the ventricular system of the brain, and subarachnoid space surrounding the brain and spinal cord
What does the CNS consist of ?
-parts of nervous system enclosed in bones: brain and spinal cord
What does the PNS consist of?
- cranial nerves
- spinal nerves
- peripheral ganglia
What do ipsilateral and contralateral mean?
- Ipsilateral: on the same side
- Contralateral: opposite sides
What are the three planes in which you can section the brain?
- coronal plane: you get the face and the back of the head
- horizontal plane: you get the top of the head with the eyes and bottom of the head with the mouth
- sagittal plane: you get the right part of the head and the left part of the head
What are ventral, dorsal, rostral and caudal?
- Ventral: front, stomach
- Dorsal: Back
- Rostral: Face
- Caudal: bottom
- Take in account the upright position human, which creates a bend in the neuraxis.
What three layers of tissue do the meninges consist of?
- Dura mater
- Arachnoid membrane
- Pia mater
What does the dura mater consist of?
- Tough, inelastic bag that surrounds the brain and spinal cord
- leather-like consistency
What does the arachnoid membrane consist of?
- Just under the dura mater
- If you have a subdural hematoma: a ruptured blood vessel leaks into the arachnoid membrane.
What does the pia mater consist of?
- Thin membrane that adheres closely to the surface of the brain.
- Separated fro arachnoid by fluid-filled space (CSF)
- Blood vessels run along the pia mater.
What are the three ventricles in the brain?
- Lateral ventricle
- Third ventricle
- Fourth ventricle
- All filled with CSF
How is CSF produced?
- produced by chloroid plexus which is a specalized tissue in ventricles that secretes CSF
- The CSF circulates through the ventricles
