Chapter 28.2 (learned before 1) Flashcards
What is the phylum of segmented worms?
Annelida
What do clitellates look like when they hatch?
Miniature adults
What type of body cavity do earthworms have?
Coelomates
What level of organization do annelids have?
Organ systems
What are the external bristles of some annelids called?
Setae
What innovation/change did annelids bring?
Repeated body segments
What separates the body segments?
Septa
What three types of organs does the cavity of annelids contain?
Digestive, excretory, circulatory (and movement)
What does the netanephridia do?
Aid in waste removal
What type of circulatory system do annelids have?
Closed
What two things does segmentation help with?
Greater freedom of movement and greater complexity of body organization
What type of “brain” do annelids have?
Well-developed cerebral ganglia
How do annelids reproduce and what do they form if they are a polychaete?
Sexually, forming a trochophore larval form that emerges from an egg
What are parapodia?
Flap-shaped appendages used for gas exchange and locomotion
How are annelids grouped? (2)
Presence/absence of setae/parapodia
What are the largest group of annelids?
Polychaetes
What do polychaetes have? (grouping factors)
A pair of parapodia and they usually also have setae
What structures do polychaetes have? (body shape, color, head/arms, other)
Unusual forms, iridescent colors, a well-developed head, sensory structures
What is an example of an oligochaete and what grouping factors do they have?
Earthworm, no parapodia and only a few setae
What features do earthworms lack?
A distinctive head region and eyes
Describe crop, gizzard, and castings
Crop-storage area in earthworm bodies, gizzard-area in earthworms that grind up food, castings-undigested poop of earthworms (used for fertilizer)
Where do most leeches live?
Fresh water
What does a leech have at both ends?
Suckers
What are the three things that leeches lack?
Setae, parapodia, septa
How do most leeches get their food?
Hunting/scavenging
What is the name for anti-clotting chemicals?
Anticoagulant
What is the name for pain-numbing chemicals?
Anesthetic
What is the strongest anti-clotting chemical that leeches produce and how do humans get it?
Hirudin, genetic engineering
