Chapter 21.2

Question 1

How are protists classified into three main groups and why?

Answer 1

Plant-like (photosynthesis), Animal-like (capture and eat other organisms), and Fungus-like (energy from environment) how they get energy

Question 2

What is the name(and meaning) and four characteristics (multi/uni, movement, food, a/sexual) of animal-like protists?

Answer 2

Protozoa-first animals, ingest other organisms for food, all unicellular, most can move, and most reproduce asexually by binary fission

Question 3

What are four characteristics (movement, food, environment, and free living vs parasites, any odd thing) of amoeboid protists and what is an example other than amoeba?

Answer 3

Move via pseudopodia (also help with food), eat other organisms, live in fresh and salt water and in the soil, most are free-living, some form outer shells (tests) made of protein, calcium carbonate, silica or mineral particles which have holes through which pseudopodia extend. Amoeba and Forams

Question 4

What are five characteristics (movement, defining characteristic, free living vs parasites, reproduction, environment) and two examples of ciliates?

Answer 4

Move/hunt by beating cilia, most free living, found in fresh or saltwater, reproduce by conjugation. Stentor and Paramecium

Question 5

What are two characteristics (defining characteristic, free living vs parasites) and two examples of flagellates?

Answer 5

Have flagella (sometimes many), some also have cilia or pseudopodia, many free living. Trichonympha (termites) and Trypanosoma (chagas disease or sleeping sickness)

Question 6

What are four characteristics (how and type of reproduction, movement, free living vs parasite) and an example of sporozoans?

Answer 6

Form spore-like cells to reproduce, do not move (no flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia), all are parasitic and cause disease, can reproduce sexually or asexually. Plasmodium (malaria)

Question 7

What are the general characteristics and names of plantlike protists?

Answer 7

Phytoplankton and algae. Photosynthesis

Question 8

What are four characteristics (multi/unicellular, unique characteristic, reproduction method, -trophic) of diatoms?

Answer 8

unicellular, diploid, double shells made of silica or calcium carbonate that separate and form a new top or bottom (asexual) until they reach a minimum size when they reproduce sexually, photosynthetic

Question 9

What are four characteristics (location, movement method, how they get food, unique characteristic) of euglenoids?

Answer 9

freshwater, one or two flagella, many photo-, some both, others hetero-, some also have an eyespot

Question 10

What are four characteristics (uni/multicellular, outer coat, unique characteristic, how they get food) and an example of dinoflagellates (other than dinoflagellate)?

Answer 10

Unicellular, 2 flagella in grooves, most photo-, some hetero-, protective coats of silica. Dinoflagellates and zooxanthellae

Question 11

What is special about red algae? (4)

Answer 11

They are mostly multicellular, usually found in warm ocean waters, can grow at great depths (they absorb blue light), and have calcium carbonate in their cell walls that helps form coral reefs

Question 12

What is special about brown algae? (4)

Answer 12

Multicellular, cool ocean environments, kelp, three structures (holdfast, stipe,blades) which mean they have more than one tissue type

Question 13

What is special about green algae? (4)

Answer 13

Form a part of marine plankton, some live in damp soil, some are symbiotic, gave rise to first true plants

Question 14

What is special about slime molds?

Answer 14

They can exist in single cell bunches of colonies, or in one giant combined mass

Question 15

What did water molds destroy?

Answer 15

Potatoes in Ireland ->great famine

Question 16

What did downy mildews destroy?

Answer 16

Grapes -> almost wiped out the French wine industry