Chapter 23.1 Flashcards
What are the three characteristics of plants?
Multicellular
Eukaryotes
Cell walls
How do most plants get their food?
Photosynthesis, some also eat living things (venus flytrap)
Where did plants evolve from?
Multicellular aquatic green algae
What are the three requirements for plants to thrive on land?
Absorb nutrients from their surroundings
Survive dehydration/avoid drying out
Have a way of dispersal that does not require water
What is the definition of vascular plants?
Plants that have specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant
What are the two types of vascular tissue?
Xylem- water
Phloem- food
How did early plants get nutrients from earth’s rocky surface?
Mycorrhizae
What is a cuticle?
A watertight, waxy layer that reduces water loss and makes it possible for plants to live in dry habitats
What are spores?
Reproductive structures that are resistant to environmental conditions
How is pollen dispersed and what does it do?
Wind or animals, it transports sperm cells to eggs
What happens after a sperm fertilizes an egg?
The zygote becomes an embryo that is dispersed in a seed
What is the basic plant cycle?
Alternation of generations
Zygote->(mitosis) multicellular, diploid sporophyte-> (meiosis) haploid spores that grow into multicellular gametophytes->(mitosis) gametes
What is the dominant group of organisms by mass on land?
Plants
