Biology Review-Cells Flashcards by Jessica Brooks

Two cell types

Prokaryotes- no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Eukaryotes- nucleus and membrane bound cells

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Plasma membrane function

Selectively permeable

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Plasma membrane components (4)

Phospholipids
Proteins
Cholesterol
Carbohydrate

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Phospholipids structure and arrangement

Head and two tails

Bilayer

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Protein function x 2

Identification

Transport

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Cholesterol function

Stabilize the plasma membrane

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Charbohydrate

Identification

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Cytoplasm

Clear, gelatinous fluid

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Nucleus

Manages cellular functions

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Chromatin

Not coiled

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Chromosome

Coiled

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Nucleolus function

Makes ribosomes

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Nuclear envelope

Surrounds the nucleus

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Nuclear pores

Holes

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Ribosome function

Makes enzymes and proteins

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Do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain ribosomes?

Yes

Are ribosomes membrane bound?

Endoplasmic reticulum function

Transport system

What are the two types of ER, and what is the difference?

Smooth- no ribosomes, makes lipids and steroids, detoxifies

Rough- ribosomes

Golgi apparatus function

Modifies and packages

Vacuole function and type in plant and animal cells

Storage

Plant- one large, provides support

Animal- many small

Lysosome function

Digestion and recycling

Chloroplast function

Photosynthesis

Mitochondria function and nickname

Transforms food into ATP, “powerhouse”

Purpose of folding

Increase surface area

Cytoskeleton function and two types

Support Microtubules- thin, hollow tubes Microfilaments- thin, solid fibers (expand and contract for movement)

Functions of cilia and flagella

Feeding and movement

Cilia and flagella structure

Cilia- many, short, hairs Flagella- one, long, tail

Organelles and structures found in plant cells put not animal cells (3)

Cell wall Chloroplasts Large central vacuole