Chapter 28: Diuretics Flashcards
used for pulmonary edema caused by heart failure
loop diuretics
onset of action for IV furosemide is ___________
5 minutes
contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergies (chemically related to sulfonamide antibiotics)
loop diuretics
increases urine flow by inhibiting sodium and water resorption from the kidney tubules; impacts different segments of renal tubules
diuretics
eat foods high in potassium
thiazide diuretics
six unique side effects of loop diuretics
hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia (these are same as in thiazides)
hypocalcemia
ototoxicity
skin disturbances (pruritis, dermatitis, urticaria)
IV doses are indicated for immediate removal of fluids
loop diuretics
has endocrine effects
potassium-sparing diuretics
blocks action of aldosterone (promotes sodium/water excretion and potassium retention)
potassium-sparing diuretics
monitoring potassium levels is crucial for patient safety (can cause hyperkalemia)
potassium-sparing diuretics
type of diuretic that increases sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule and loop of Henle
osmotic diuretics
When using any diuretics, monitor for ____________, increased ______________, decreased ______________, ____________ imbalances, and _________ function.
dehydration, urine output, blood pressure, electrolyte, kidney
produces extensive diuresis even in those with renal failure
loop diuretics
can be used with chemotherapy to induce diuresis and decrease side effects of treatment
osmotic diuretics
used for emergent need for fluid loss
loop diuretics
monitor for cardiac or kidney impairment
osmotic diuretics
four side effects of osmotic diuretics
acidosis
pulmonary edema
heart failure
kidney failure
type of diuretic that impacts the distal convoluted renal tubule
thiazide diuretics
used to reduce hypertension and decrease edema related to heart, liver, or kidney disease
diuretics
increases renal blood flow; is prescribed for end-stage renal disease or when creatine clearance is below 30
loop diuretics
vial should be warmed to dissolve crystals (crystallization occurs when exposed to low temperatures)
osmotic diuretics
monitor glucose levels closely in patients with prediabetes and diabetes
thiazide diuretics
combined with other diuretics for its effect; a weaker diuretic
potassium-sparing diuretics
decrease intracranial and intraocular pressure
osmotic diuretics