Chapter 22: Antihypertensives

Question 1

this side effect of ACE inhibitors can remain 2-3 months after discontinuation

Answer 1

loss of taste

Question 2

most commonly used alpha2 receptor agonist

Answer 2

clonidine

Question 3

two calcium channel blockers that can be used for dysrhythmias

Answer 3

verapamil
diltiazem

Question 4

three uses of all calcium channel blockers

Answer 4

angina
hypertension
Raynaud’s disease

Question 5

specific drug most frequently prescribed for hypertension

Answer 5

hydrochlorothiazide

Question 6

this drug class works best in African American populations

Answer 6

calcium channel blockers

Question 7

with all hypertensives, avoid abrupt _____________, which can cause ______________________

Answer 7

discontinuation, rebound hypertension

Question 8

this angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) is used for those with an increased risk for stroke

Answer 8

losartan

Question 9

drug class: can also be used for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 9

alpha1 blockers (doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin)

Question 10

drug class: avoid all supplements with potassium unless prescribed

Answer 10

ACE inhibitors

Question 11

drug class: excretes Na and H2O and retains potassium

Answer 11

ACE inhibitors

Question 12

drug class: do not work well in African Americans unless combined with a diuretic

Answer 12

beta blockers

Question 13

drug class: adverse effects include chest pain, fatigue, hypoglycemia, diarrhea, UTIs, anemia, and weakness

Answer 13

angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Question 14

drug class: avoid using with NSAIDs due to decreased medication effectiveness and increased risk for renal failure

Answer 14

ACE inhibitors

Question 15

two uses of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Answer 15

hypertension
adjunct therapy for heart failure

Question 16

drug class: monitor for weight gain related to fluid retention

Answer 16

beta blockers

Question 17

block calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells promoting vasodilation

Answer 17

calcium channel blockers

Question 18

specific drug: treats hypertension in pregnancy

Answer 18

methyldopa

Question 19

this calcium channel blocker drug prevents cerebral artery spasms occurring in subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 19

nimodipine

Question 20

hypertension drug class of choice for diabetics due to protective effect on kidney

Answer 20

ACE inhibitors

Question 21

drug class: stops the progression of ventricular hypertrophy after an MI

Answer 21

ACE inhibitors

Question 22

three common side effects of adrenergic drugs

Answer 22

impotence
postural/orthostatic hypotension
depression

Question 23

notify MD if SBP is <___ or HR <____ before administering beta blockers

Answer 23

90, 60

Question 24

two drug classes that do not work well/are less effective in blacks/African Americans

Answer 24

ACE inhibitors
beta blockers

Question 25

drug class: not recommended for renal insufficiency (creatine clearance below 30 mL/min)

Answer 25

thiazide diuretics

Question 26

drug class: contraindicated in pregnancy and breast-feeding mothers

Answer 26

angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Question 27

nonselective blockers are also known as

Answer 27

alpha1 and beta1 blockers

Question 28

four OTHER side effects of ACE inhibitors

Answer 28

hyperkalemia fatigue mood changes renal failure (dry cough, loss of taste covered on other cards)

Question 29

main side effect of ACE inhibitors that is reversible with medication discontinuation

Answer 29

dry, nonproductive cough

Question 30

drug class: inhibit beta1 and beta2 receptors (affect both heart and lungs)

Answer 30

alpha1 and beta1 blockers

Question 31

drug class: not typically prescribed as first-line treatment for hypertension due to high incidence of side effects

Answer 31

alpha2 receptor agonists

Question 32

three uses of ACE inhibitors

Answer 32

hypertension, heart failure, post MI

Question 33

drug class: inhibit formation of angiotensin II from angiotensin I (causes vasodilation)

Answer 33

ACE inhibitors

Question 34

before administering antihypertensives, check _____________ and _____________

Answer 34

blood pressure, heart rate

Question 35

drug class: mainly blocks beta1 receptors

Answer 35

cardio selective beta blockers

Question 36

four side effects of calcium channel blockers

Answer 36

ankle edema bradycardia dizziness AV block

Question 37

drug class: block angiotensin II from angiotensin I receptors

Answer 37

angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Question 38

two drug classes that decrease cardiac contractility (use with caution in heart failure; monitor for signs and symptoms of heart failure)

Answer 38

beta blockers calcium channel blockers

Question 39

two drug classes that reduce blood pressure by reducing heart rate (drop both)

Answer 39

cardio selective beta blockers alpha1 and beta1 blockers

Question 40

three side effects of alpha2 receptor agonists

Answer 40

orthostatic hypotension dizziness fatigue

Question 41

specific drug that cannot be abruptly stopped due to severe rebound hypertension

Answer 41

clonidine