Chapter 26: Microbial Diseases of Urinary System

Question 1

What genus of bacteria is the causative agent of Gonorrhea?

Answer 1

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 2

What are the top 4 STI’s in the US?

Answer 2

1. HPV (human papilloma virus)
2. Chlamydia
3. gonorrhea
4. Syphilis

Question 3

What are signs and symptoms of Gonorrhea?

Answer 3

• Men: painful urination and discharge of pus; epididymitis
• Women: fewer symptoms; pelvic inflammatory disease if untreated
  – If gone untreated, can go systemic and cause endocarditis, meningitis, and arthritis

Question 4

what is the common name for gonorrhea?

Answer 4

the Clap

Question 5

what does NGU stand for?

Answer 5

nongonococcal urethritis

Question 6

Which bacterial pathogen causes NGU?

Answer 6

Chlamydia trachomatis
Mycoplasma genitalium
Ureaplasma urealyticum

Question 7

what organism causes chlamydia?

Answer 7

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 8

Which genus and species of bacteria causes syphilis?

Answer 8

Treponema pallidum

Question 9

What is the name of the sore caused by syphilis? What causes this sore to form?

Answer 9

Chancre – due to immune response to localized infection

Question 10

What happens to the human body after many years of infection with syphilis?

Answer 10

Can enter a latent period where it is noninfectious but can be transmitted to baby and cause neurological damage to baby
Can then reactivate years after latency and form gummatous syphilis/ cardiovascular syphilis/ neurosyphilis

Question 11

what organism causes genital warts?

Answer 11

Virus; human papillomaviruses (HPV)

Question 12

How are genital warts spread?

Answer 12

sexually transmitted

Question 13

What does the abbreviation HPV stand for?

Answer 13

Human papilloma virus

Question 14

What causes most genital warts infections to go away?

Answer 14

most go away with time (2 years);
also can treat via removal of warts;

Question 15

What is a distinct sign of trichomoniasis?

Answer 15

Irritation and a profuse, frothy, greenish yellow, foul odor discharge

Question 16

Why are women 2x more likely than men to get STIs?

Answer 16

Vaginal mucosa is very thin and easily penetrated by microbes

Vagina is a moist protected environment, makes easier for microbes to survive and colonize

Women are more likely to go to the doctor to get treated which could contribute to larger data set for women

Question 17

a bacterium that only is able to ferment, obtains energy by…

Answer 17

glycolysis only

Question 18

how many different epitopes does a single B or T cell recognize

Answer 18

one

Question 19

what phase of HIV infection is also considered AIDS

Answer 19

phase 3

Question 20

what is the name of the sterol within fungi?

Answer 20

ergosterol

Question 21

does innate immunity produce antibodies?

Answer 21

no

Question 22

which herpes type is most common?

Answer 22

HSV-1 (cold sores)

Question 23

symptoms of tetanus are due to ?

Answer 23

tetanospasmin (toxin)