Chapter 22 Flashcards

1
Q

what are protozon and helaninthic parasits

A

eukaryotes

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2
Q

definitive host

A

harbor parasites until completion of lifecycle

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3
Q

intermediate host

A

harbor asexual parasites until they move to definitive host

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4
Q

how can parasites infect humans. 3 ways

A

ingestion
vector borne transmission
direct contact

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5
Q

what does a giemsa stain do

A

stains parasite for infected blood cell

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6
Q

what are protozoa

A

unicellular eukaryotes

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7
Q

what are the 2 main forms of protozoa

A

trophozoite
cyst

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8
Q

trophozoite stage info

A

feeding and reproducing stage, livins inside host, undergo encystment before leaving host in feces

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9
Q

cyst stage info

A

infective form, survives in the envrionment, underogoes excystation when ingested, developing into trophozoite

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10
Q

what are the 4 protozoan groupings

A

amoebae
flagellates
apicomplexans
cilliates

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11
Q

what are amoebae shaped like

A

no true defined shape

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12
Q

what are 2 types of amoebae

A

acanthamoeba and naegleria

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13
Q

where are acanthamoeba and naegleria found

A

in natural and artificial water systems

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14
Q

what are acanthamoeba dangerous for

A

they can invade the eye and cause brain inflammation and potentially death

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15
Q

what are naegleria dangerous for

A

they are brain eating and may result in a hemorrhage coma or death

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16
Q

what are the 3 talked about flagellates

A

trypanosoma cruzi
trypanosoma brucei
giardia intestinalis

17
Q

what does trypanosoma cruzi cause

A

causes chagas disease and chagomas (swelling)

18
Q

where is t.cruzi prevelant

A

opossums and armadillos are the primary reservoir

19
Q

how is t.cruzi transmitted

A

through an insect bite via kissing bugs.
once inside humans it travels in bloodstream and replicate in cells

20
Q

trypanosoma brucei causes what

A

causes african sleeping sickness

21
Q

where does t. brucei mature and replicate

A

it matures in the salivary gland of the tsetse fly and then gets injected into blood when fly bites, where it then lives and replicates outside hosts cell

22
Q

t. brucei vector

A

the vector is the tsete fly
various animals including humans then serve as a reservoir

23
Q

what does giardia intestinalis cause

A

causes giardiasis , or gastrointinal disease

24
Q

what does giardia intestinalis ingest

A

they ingest cysts from contaminated food, water, and hands.

25
what are apicomplexans
parasites of animals
26
life cycle of apicomplexans
involves at least 2 types of hosts
27
2 types of apicomplexans
plasmodium and toxoplasma
28
what does plasmodium cause
malaria
29
what does toxoplasm cause
toxoplasmosis
30
what are the 4 species of plasmodium
p. falciparum p. vivax p. ovale p. malariae
31
sporozoite develops where
in mosquito
32
what does the merozoite do
perform the asexual cycle in red blood cells
33
how does one get toxoplasmosis
eating undercooked meat that contains the parasite
34
what are reservoirs of toxoplasmosis and what is the definitive host
wild and domestic mammals are reservoirs cats are the definitive host
35
how is the infective form of toxoplasmosis spread
through cat feces
36
what are helminthic parasites
macroscopic, multicellular, eukaryotic worms
37
do helminthic parasites have simple or complex life cycles
comples, they often have intermediate hosts to support the larval stages
38
3 groups of helmenthic parasites
cestodes (tapeworms) trematodes (flukes) nematodes (roundworm)