Chapter 20 Flashcards
pathogenic gram - organism
what is the enterobacteriaceae
an intestinal microbiota of most animals and humans
where is the enterobacteriaceae found
in water, soil, and decaying vegetation
major virulence factor of enterobacteriaceae
type III secretion system.
what does T3SS do
injects effector molecules into host cell
pathogenic enterobacteriacea include what
yersinia and salmonella
yersinia causes what
bubonic plague and pnemonic plague
where is salmonella enterica found
in intestines of birds, reptiles, and mammals
is yersinia virulent? if yes.. how?
yes, very
has t3ss and injects a yersinia outer protein into host cells
the YPOS then causes apoptosis (cell death) of macrophages and neutrophils
how does salmonella enterica infect host
enters host cells for intercullular replication and eventually kills host cell
virulence factor of salmonella
t3ss
it can also survive in a macrophage and inhibit lysosome fusion or perform intracellular replication
how do humans usually get salmonells
consuming contaminated food like poultry and eggs
what do coliforms look like
gram negative,, rod shaped bacteria
what do coliforms ferment
lactose to form gas
where are coliforms found
in the intestinal tracts of animals and humans
what are coliforms used for
they are indicater organisms to indicate impure water
what is the most common coliform
escherichia coli
what do virulent strains of ecoli have
virulence factors like plasmids (adhesins, exotoxins)
ecoli O157 : H7 is what
a specific antigen prevalet in developed countires. comes from undercooked beef, contaminated milk or fruit juice
virulence factors of ecoli O157 H7
t3ss and shiga-toxin
hemolytic uremic syndrome is from what
ecoli O157 :H7
what do shiga toxins do
affect blood and blood vessels
what does hemolytic uremic syndrome do
affects intestines and kidneys and destroys blood platelets and disrupts normal blood clotting process
what is klebsiella
a coliform
where is klebsiella found
in digestive and respitory tracts of humans and animals
what does klebsiella use to prevent phagocytosis
capsule
is kelbsiella opportunistic
yes
whats the most ocmmon klebsiella
k pneumoniae
what does k. pneumoniae do
causes pneumonia , enters blood , wound infections, and UTIs
what are the 3 types of aerobic bacilli
bordetella
pseudomonads
francisella
bordella looks like what
nonmotile coccobacillus
main type of bordella
b. pertussis
what does b pertussis casue
pertussis or whooping cough
what are the 3 adhesions and toxins that b pertussis uses
pertussis toxin to inhibit macrophages and nuetrophil recruitement
adenylate cyclase toxin to inhibit phagocytosis
tracheal cytotoxin to damage respitroy tract cells
main type of psuedomonads
pseudomonas aeruginosa
is pseudomonads aeruginosa a part of the normal human microbiota
rarely
biofilms in pseudomasas aeruginosa allows for what
a protection layer, cell adaptation, alter chemical micro-environment, persistence cells
main types of francisella
francisella tularensis
what do francisella tularensis look like
non moticle, strictly aerobic coccobacillus
what is francisella tularensis an intracellular parasite of
of animals and amoebae in water
what infection does francisella tularensis cause
tularemia
info on tularemia
bsl 3
spread through bite of an infected tick or contact with an infected animal, also spread by bacteria in meat, water, and in aerosols, highly infectious
