Chapter 20 Flashcards

pathogenic gram - organism

1
Q

what is the enterobacteriaceae

A

an intestinal microbiota of most animals and humans

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2
Q

where is the enterobacteriaceae found

A

in water, soil, and decaying vegetation

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3
Q

major virulence factor of enterobacteriaceae

A

type III secretion system.

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4
Q

what does T3SS do

A

injects effector molecules into host cell

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5
Q

pathogenic enterobacteriacea include what

A

yersinia and salmonella

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6
Q

yersinia causes what

A

bubonic plague and pnemonic plague

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7
Q

where is salmonella enterica found

A

in intestines of birds, reptiles, and mammals

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7
Q

is yersinia virulent? if yes.. how?

A

yes, very
has t3ss and injects a yersinia outer protein into host cells
the YPOS then causes apoptosis (cell death) of macrophages and neutrophils

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8
Q

how does salmonella enterica infect host

A

enters host cells for intercullular replication and eventually kills host cell

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9
Q

virulence factor of salmonella

A

t3ss
it can also survive in a macrophage and inhibit lysosome fusion or perform intracellular replication

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10
Q

how do humans usually get salmonells

A

consuming contaminated food like poultry and eggs

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11
Q

what do coliforms look like

A

gram negative,, rod shaped bacteria

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12
Q

what do coliforms ferment

A

lactose to form gas

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13
Q

where are coliforms found

A

in the intestinal tracts of animals and humans

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14
Q

what are coliforms used for

A

they are indicater organisms to indicate impure water

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15
Q

what is the most common coliform

A

escherichia coli

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16
Q

what do virulent strains of ecoli have

A

virulence factors like plasmids (adhesins, exotoxins)

17
Q

ecoli O157 : H7 is what

A

a specific antigen prevalet in developed countires. comes from undercooked beef, contaminated milk or fruit juice

18
Q

virulence factors of ecoli O157 H7

A

t3ss and shiga-toxin

19
Q

hemolytic uremic syndrome is from what

A

ecoli O157 :H7

20
Q

what do shiga toxins do

A

affect blood and blood vessels

21
Q

what does hemolytic uremic syndrome do

A

affects intestines and kidneys and destroys blood platelets and disrupts normal blood clotting process

22
Q

what is klebsiella

A

a coliform

23
Q

where is klebsiella found

A

in digestive and respitory tracts of humans and animals

24
what does klebsiella use to prevent phagocytosis
capsule
25
is kelbsiella opportunistic
yes
26
whats the most ocmmon klebsiella
k pneumoniae
27
what does k. pneumoniae do
causes pneumonia , enters blood , wound infections, and UTIs
28
what are the 3 types of aerobic bacilli
bordetella pseudomonads francisella
29
bordella looks like what
nonmotile coccobacillus
30
main type of bordella
b. pertussis
31
what does b pertussis casue
pertussis or whooping cough
32
what are the 3 adhesions and toxins that b pertussis uses
pertussis toxin to inhibit macrophages and nuetrophil recruitement adenylate cyclase toxin to inhibit phagocytosis tracheal cytotoxin to damage respitroy tract cells
33
main type of psuedomonads
pseudomonas aeruginosa
34
is pseudomonads aeruginosa a part of the normal human microbiota
rarely
35
biofilms in pseudomasas aeruginosa allows for what
a protection layer, cell adaptation, alter chemical micro-environment, persistence cells
36
main types of francisella
francisella tularensis
37
what do francisella tularensis look like
non moticle, strictly aerobic coccobacillus
38
what is francisella tularensis an intracellular parasite of
of animals and amoebae in water
39
what infection does francisella tularensis cause
tularemia
40
info on tularemia
bsl 3 spread through bite of an infected tick or contact with an infected animal, also spread by bacteria in meat, water, and in aerosols, highly infectious
41