Chapter 20 (Social Problems in School)

Question 1

What is self worth protection

Answer 1

the tendency to reduce effort so that bad results are attributed to motivation instead to ability, as this is not as bad.

Question 2

What is te difference in the eastern and western cultures when it comes to academic success and learning

Answer 2

Striving for success is seen as praiseworthy in eastern cultures, but in western cultures often discouraged.
Success itself is admired in both cultures

Question 3

is social pressure and peer pressure good?

Answer 3

social pressure can be motivating but also stressfull

peer pressure often promotes being bad at school

Question 4

what is bullying

Answer 4

an act of aggression where the billy intends to repeatedly harm the victim and where there is an imbalance of power of strengt
5% of children are bullies
10% are victims

Question 5

What are the types of bullying

Answer 5

1. verbal
2. relational
3. material
4. physical
   Today there is also cyberbullying,

Question 6

What are the effects of being bullied

Answer 6

• anxiety and depression
• physical and pysiosomatic complains
• bad grades
• low self esteem
• greater risk for suicidal tendencies

Question 7

What are the characteristics of a normal bully

Answer 7

1. Authoritarian punishing parenting style (insecure attachment)
2. LAck of clear rules and monitoring at hom
3. ADHD
4. Conflict in family
5. aggression
6. Expectation that bullying results in something positive

Question 8

What are the characteristics of a normal victim

Answer 8

1. Anxious and withdrawn, passive
2. Emotional reaction pattern, reactivity aggression
3. conflict in family, but also overprotective families
4. other disorders

Question 9

What are schools in dutch obliged to do against bullying

Answer 9

1. prove that children feel safe at school
2. monitor school safety
3. have a anit bullying administer and policy

Question 10

What are the types of school refusal

Answer 10

1. Truancy (preference for activities outside schools) (positive reinforcemnt)
2. School anxitey (hampered by fear) (negative reinforcemtn)

Question 11

What are solutions against school refusal

Answer 11

1. cognitive restructuring

2. Exposure

Question 12

What are ways to find out about bullying

Answer 12

1. Teacher Parent report
2. Self report
3. Peers
4. Direct observatioins

Question 13

Why is cyberbullying worse than normal bullying

Answer 13

It can be even worse because there is

1. no way of hiding
2. Large audience
3. Anonymity

Question 14

What are causes for bullying

Answer 14

1. Society factors (hierachy)
2. Community levels (neighborhood and socieeconomic conditions)
3. School level (climate and relationships)

Question 15

What is assertiveness training

Answer 15

Teaching children how to cope with bullying

Question 16

What are the best solutions against bullying

Answer 16

1. retributive justice (sanctions against bullying as positive punishment) (not always good)
2. Restorative justice (promoting empathy in bully)
3. Counseling based approaches

Question 17

what 4 aspects are in the school refusal assessment scale

Answer 17

1. Fearfulness
2. Anxiety
3. seperation anxiety
4. positive reinforcement

Question 18

What are the things that can be done to reduce school refusal

Answer 18

1. Systematic desensitisation (relaxation and exposure to phobias)
2. Emotive imagery (imaging positive scene and then combine with fear or unpleasent situations)
3. Cognitive behavioural approach (replace irrational thought with rational ones)