Chapter 18 + 20 (School Psychology) Flashcards
What is the ideal patient
- is friendly to doctor
- is motivated for treatment
- commited to appointments
- good communication
- can read write and calculate
What are solutions for differences in culture on psychological assesment
- Be aware of the ways of your culture
2.
What are the 3 problem types in developmental psychology
- Emotional probklems
- Cognitions Problems
- Social problems
What is the obligation of schools
Its obligation is to provide education on the basis of educational needs
what is the disharmonic profile in intelligence
when the verbal comprehension is a lot better than perceptual organization
Adults then easily overestimate the child in age which results in problems
what is constructivism
children construct their own knowledge by experiencing the enviroment
What are peer faciliation effects
Working in pairs is very good and helpful for a number of skills, because they provide sociocognitive conflict
For example Theory of mind and conservation tasks are solved better, even when both children are bad at the tasks
What is special about vygoskies zone of proximal development in a large classroom
.
What is scaffolding and what makes it effective
adjusting the instructions on the basis of skill in the students
- First no real help, only when child fails too much
- As soon as success, reduce help
What is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
intrinsic: interest, enjoyment
extrinsic: anything else (rewards, punishment, status, importance)
What are the different kinds of extrinsic motivation
- 5.
What are the 3 psychological basic needs
- Competence (feeling effective and successfull)
- Autonomy (can control their own course and life)
- Relatedness (relationships with people in the tasks)
m
exams only count towards extrinsic motiviation
they also fuel it
What is stable and instable internal and external attribution styles
stable means that it is not possible to change it, instable is always better in that sense
internal means that you attribute the outcome to yourself
external means that you attribute it to others
What is a curriculum
the set of courses and its content at a school or university
What does it mean that developmental psychology and education are bidirectional/transactional processes
They can both influence each other, not one leading the other
What is discovery learning
Its the way to encourage children to learn by discovering information themselves. Its an important aspect of constructivism
Guiding (with feedback) can enhance it a lot
What influences how strong the peer faciliation effect is
- Social skills
- Popularity
- Gender distribution
What does intermentally and intramentally mean
intermentally: knowlesge between people
intramentally: knowledge of one person
the difference between them is basically the zone of proximal development
How can teachers use effective scaffolding
- Fading (withdrawal of support)
- Transfer responsibility
- Contextualize
- Different Methods
What is the Student Teams Achievement Divisions
Its a method for promoting cooperative learning. A group of various children discusses a topic until they understand and agree on it
compare norm referencing to criterion referencing
Norm ref. may put children into rivalary
Criterion ref. can be better because it shows how much a child actually knows, but it can be stressfull for children
