Chapter 18 + 20 (School Psychology)

Question 1

What is the ideal patient

Answer 1

• is friendly to doctor
• is motivated for treatment
• commited to appointments
• good communication
• can read write and calculate

Question 2

What are solutions for differences in culture on psychological assesment

Answer 2

1. Be aware of the ways of your culture

2.

Question 3

What are the 3 problem types in developmental psychology

Answer 3

1. Emotional probklems
2. Cognitions Problems
3. Social problems

Question 4

What is the obligation of schools

Answer 4

Its obligation is to provide education on the basis of educational needs

Question 5

what is the disharmonic profile in intelligence

Answer 5

when the verbal comprehension is a lot better than perceptual organization
Adults then easily overestimate the child in age which results in problems

Question 6

what is constructivism

Answer 6

children construct their own knowledge by experiencing the enviroment

Question 7

What are peer faciliation effects

Answer 7

Working in pairs is very good and helpful for a number of skills, because they provide sociocognitive conflict
For example Theory of mind and conservation tasks are solved better, even when both children are bad at the tasks

Question 8

What is special about vygoskies zone of proximal development in a large classroom

Answer 8

.

Question 9

What is scaffolding and what makes it effective

Answer 9

adjusting the instructions on the basis of skill in the students

1. First no real help, only when child fails too much
2. As soon as success, reduce help

Question 10

What is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Answer 10

intrinsic: interest, enjoyment
extrinsic: anything else (rewards, punishment, status, importance)

Question 11

What are the different kinds of extrinsic motivation

Answer 11

4. 5.

Question 12

What are the 3 psychological basic needs

Answer 12

1. Competence (feeling effective and successfull)
2. Autonomy (can control their own course and life)
3. Relatedness (relationships with people in the tasks)

Question 13

m

Answer 13

exams only count towards extrinsic motiviation

they also fuel it

Question 14

What is stable and instable internal and external attribution styles

Answer 14

stable means that it is not possible to change it, instable is always better in that sense
internal means that you attribute the outcome to yourself
external means that you attribute it to others

Question 15

What is a curriculum

Answer 15

the set of courses and its content at a school or university

Question 16

What does it mean that developmental psychology and education are bidirectional/transactional processes

Answer 16

They can both influence each other, not one leading the other

Question 17

What is discovery learning

Answer 17

Its the way to encourage children to learn by discovering information themselves. Its an important aspect of constructivism
Guiding (with feedback) can enhance it a lot

Question 18

What influences how strong the peer faciliation effect is

Answer 18

1. Social skills
2. Popularity
3. Gender distribution

Question 19

What does intermentally and intramentally mean

Answer 19

intermentally: knowlesge between people
intramentally: knowledge of one person
the difference between them is basically the zone of proximal development

Question 20

How can teachers use effective scaffolding

Answer 20

1. Fading (withdrawal of support)
2. Transfer responsibility
3. Contextualize
4. Different Methods

Question 21

What is the Student Teams Achievement Divisions

Answer 21

Its a method for promoting cooperative learning. A group of various children discusses a topic until they understand and agree on it

Question 22

compare norm referencing to criterion referencing

Answer 22

Norm ref. may put children into rivalary

Criterion ref. can be better because it shows how much a child actually knows, but it can be stressfull for children