Chapter 1 (Methodology) Flashcards
define observation
it is perception with the intention to draw conclusion
what is observation conplicated by
- selectivity
- subjectivity
- absense of base rate and standardization
- instability of perception
- -> interrater reliability is very important
what is molar and molecular
molecular is more objective observation if behaviour (finger moved)
molar is more subjective and about interpretation (happy)
why are we measuring iq
- diagnosis of learning or cognitive problems
- school choice
What are maturation factors
Factors that are mostly under genetic control and not under enviromental
What is the organismic world view
the idea that people are innerly active and shaope their enviroment
what is the mechanistic world view
The idea that people can be described like robots (more passive)
What are cross sectional designs
study groups of children of different ages at one point in time (low time consuming but can only describe age difference)
What is longitudinal design
More than one observation is made in each child at different ages
problem is that its very hard to conduct and also that people can learn
What are microgenetic methods
children being tested repeatedly over shorter periods of time to measure change
What are two problems in lonitudinal and crosssectional methods
- Time between measures (different instances between test ages can result in differences)
- Cohort effects (changes across generations like medicin)
what are sequential designs
Its a combination of longitudinal and cross sectional designs
What are the 3 methods of research in developmental psychology
- Observational
- Correlational
- Experimental
- Psychological tests (quantitative instruments)
What are problems with observational research
- generalization
- can be easily biased
What are the two sampling methods in observational research
- Time sampling (look at behaviour at intervals of time)
2. Event sampling (look at behaviour at particular events)
