Chapter 16 Part 2 Flashcards
What types of antibodies are involved in a type II hypersensitivity?
IgM and IgG
What is happening (generally speaking) during a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
Red blood cells become the target
Which blood types contain (A,B, and/or O) contain antigens in the surface?
A & B
Which blood type la is surface antigens?
Type O
Which blood type is considered the universal donor and which is the universal acceptor?
O= universal donor (will not stimulate an immune response by a recipient of a blood transfusion)
AB= universal acceptor (have “self” tolerance to both the A & B blood cell markers)
Explain what would happen if an individual with Type A blood was given a transfusion with Type B blood?
The antibodies will attack the donor’s Red blood Cells
What is Rh factor?
Another potential antigenic factor commonly found in the surface of RBCs
How does a person end up with an Rh- blood type?
People receive only 2 recessive alleles
Explain how hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs
Occurred when an Rh- mother is pregnant with an Rh+ fetus
What shot is administered to prevent this disease?
RhoGAM shot
Ho is a type III hypersensitivity different form a type II?
The antigens are not attached to cell surfaces, rather are free floating
What is the difference between an Arthur reaction and serum sickness?
Arthus reactions are an acute immune complex mediated reaction and are usually self-limiting and cleared rapidly
Serum sickness is a systemic immune complex mediated reactions, enter circulatory system, deposited in blood vessels of the kidneys, heart, skin, and joints
How is serum sickness different from anaphylaxis?
1) depend upon IgG, IgM, or IgA instead of IgE
2) require large doses of antigen
3) their symptoms are delayed
What type of WBC is largely involved with a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
T-cells
Why is a type IV considered a delayed hypersensitivity?
Symptoms arise days after secondary contact with atigen