Chapter 15 Flashcards
What are the 2 characterizing feature of the 3rd line of immunity?
Specificity and memory
What types of cells (2) make up the 3rd line of immunity?
B & T Cells/ lymphocytes
What is an antigen and an epitope?
Antigen= molecules that stimulate a response by B & T cells
Epitope= a specific region of an antitope
What is function of memory cells?
The respond to antigens. If they encounter the same antigen later they respond by producing more clones to eliminate the source of the antigen
What type of B lymphocyte produces antibodies?
Plasma Cells
What are the three types of T lymphocytes
1) helper T cells
2) Cytotoxic T cells
3) Regulatory T cells
From what type of precursor cell do lymphocytes develop from and in what body locations do B and T lymphocytes develop respectively?
Hemopoietic cells
Develop in bone marrow
During what stage of lymphocyte development are the 500 genes coding for receptors randomly rearranged (leading to receptor diversity) ?
Proliferactive stage
During what stage of lymphocyte development are lymphocytes said to be clonally selected?
Clonal selection & expansion
What is clonal deletion and how does relate to autoimmune disease?
Process that reduces the occurrence of “self” targeting lymphocytes
Autoimmune disease is when the body attacks itself with its own immune cells
What role do antigens presenting cells (APCs) play in the 3rd level of immune response?
Ingest foreign antigen
What are the 3 types of APCs?
1) macrophages
2) dendritic
3) B lymphocytes
What role do Cytotoxic T cells play in immune response?
Destroy compromised host cells
What is the difference between a cell-mediated response and a humoral response?
Cell-mediated= T cells/ Cytotoxic T cells response
Humoral= B cell/ antibody production
What are the two regions of an immunoglobulin?
Variable region and constant region
Which type of region attaches to antigen?
Variable regions
Which type of immunoglobulin is the most common and is capable of crossing the placenta?
Immunoglobulin G
Which type of immunoglobulin is found both monomer and diner form plays an important role in mucosal defenses?
Immunoglobulin A
Which type of immunoglobulin is found in both monomer and dimes form and plays an important role in mucosal defenses?
Immunoglobulin M
Which type of immunoglobulin acts as a surface receptor for B cells?
Immunoglobulin D
Which type of immunoglobulin plays a role in allergies and parasitic worm defense?
Immunoglobulin E
How is the secondary (anamnestic response) different from the primary response?
Primary involves a latent response and secondary is immediate
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
In passive the antibodies are donated from another organism
What is the difference between natural and artificial immunity?
Natural is acquired through normal biological experiences, and artificial is acquire from medical procedures
