Chapter 14: Psychology of Weight Control and Behavior Change

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

The study of the mind and behaviors.

Question 2

Quantitative Research

Answer 2

Focuses on variables that can be directly measured and assessed.

Question 3

Qualitative Research

Answer 3

Focuses on people in terms of how situations and experiences are perceived and how people interact; utilizes interviews and observations where the results are grouped together by themes that have emerged.

Question 4

Empathy

Answer 4

The ability to identify with another person’s feelings, attitudes, or thoughts.

Question 5

Stages of Change Model

Answer 5

A model consists of a systematic flow through stages through which a person can cycle when it comes to implementing lifestyle changes.

Question 6

Pre-contemplation stage

Answer 6

When an individual is not thinking of changing and has no intention to change.

Question 7

Contemplation Stage

Answer 7

When a person is thinking about implementing change but has not yet taken any steps to get started. An individual may take action within the next six months.

Question 8

Preparation Stage

Answer 8

When a person intends to change behavior and is preparing to change, but has not yet taken action.

Question 9

Maintenance Stage

Answer 9

When a person has successfully implemented a behavioral change for more than 6 months.

Question 10

Relapse Stage

Answer 10

When a person has stopped doing the positive behavior and has returned to previous negative behavior.

Question 11

Self-Esteem

Answer 11

How an individual views themselves with regards to their worthiness and abilities.

Question 12

Self-Efficacy

Answer 12

The con dence that a person has that he or she can successfully engage in the behaviors required for a certain outcome.

Question 13

Body Reality

Answer 13

Based on a person’s measurable attributes such as height, weight, body fat percentage, and waist circumference.

Question 14

Body Ideal

Answer 14

Refers to what a person believes or wishes their own body to look like.

Question 15

Body Image

Answer 15

How someone perceives his or her body to look, which may not be how the person actually looks.

Question 16

Confidence

Answer 16

A feeling about or a belief in one’s abilities or attributes.

Question 17

Vicarious Experiences

Answer 17

When something is experienced through another person’s actions or behaviors.

Question 18

Obesity

Answer 18

A high degree of excess body fat; a BMI greater than 30.

Question 19

Anti-Fat Bias

Answer 19

Placing a negative judgment on overweight and obese individuals.

Question 20

Sedentary Lifestyle

Answer 20

Any behaviors, such as sitting or lying down, that require little energy expenditure.

Question 21

Social Support

Answer 21

All the ways that someone is supported by others, including emotional support, providing information, or assistance.

Question 22

Emotional Support

Answer 22

Providing encouragement, accountability, or empathy to another person.

Question 23

Informational Support

Answer 23

Providing facts and educating others.

Question 24

Social Networks

Answer 24

Social structure made up of various interactions or relationships between groups of people.

Question 25

Willpower

Answer 25

The ability to control impulses.

Question 26

Disordered Eating

Answer 26

Patterns of abnormal eating behaviors that do not meet the criteria for diagnosis of an eating disorder.

Question 27

Distress

Answer 27

The experience of negative feelings, such as anxiety, sorrow, or pain.

Question 28

Depression

Answer 28

A mood disorder characterized by a persistent feeling of sadness and/or loss of interest in everyday life.

Question 29

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 29

An eating disorder characterized by extremely low body BMI.

Question 30

Bullimia Nervosa

Answer 30

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors, including: purging, use of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise to avoid weight gain.

Question 31

Binge Eating Disorder

Answer 31

An eating disorder characterized by frequent consumption of an unusually large amount of food along with a feeling of loss of control and/or the inability to stop eating.

Question 32

Mindless Eating

Answer 32

Eating without attention to or awareness of the food being consumed.

Question 33

Mindful Eating

Answer 33

Paying attention to the food being eaten, acknowledging hunger, and satiety signals, and adjusting food intake accordingly.