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HSS305 Anatomy > Chapter 14/15 > Flashcards

Chapter 14/15 Flashcards

1
Q

the two divisions of the nervous system

A

central and peripheral nervous systems

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2
Q

what is in the central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

what is in the peripheral nervous sytem

A

everything outside brain and spinal cord

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4
Q

what are the two divisions of the central nervous system

A

somatic and autonomic

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5
Q

what are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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6
Q

what does the somatic nervous system do

A

sensory and motor nerves to conduct impulses of skeletal muscles

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7
Q

this system control the voluntary skeletal motion

A

somatic nervous system

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8
Q

this system control the involuntary motor nerves of the smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

A

autonomic nervous system

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9
Q

this system is stimulated by stress or physical activity

A

sympathetic nervous system

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10
Q

increases in heart rate, respiratory rate are actions controlled by the

A

autonomic, sympathetic nervous system

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11
Q

this system dilates your pupils

A

autonomic, sympathetic nervous system

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12
Q

this system controls resting state and digestion

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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13
Q

where does the spinal cord extend

A

from foramen magnum to vertebral level L1/L2

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14
Q

what is the conus medullaris

A

end of the spinal cord located at L1/L2

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15
Q

what anchors the conus medullaris to the coccyx

A

filum terminale

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16
Q

this extense from the conus medullaris

A

pia mater

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17
Q

what is the cauda equina

A

nervous roots extending from inferior spinal cord

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18
Q

the spinal cord lies within the ______

A

vertebral canal

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19
Q

what are the three meninges of the spinal cord

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

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20
Q

this is the space between the meninges

A

epidural space

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21
Q

what kind of space is the epidural space

A

real

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22
Q

what kind of space is the subdural space

A

potentional

23
Q

where is the cerebral fluid located?

A

in the subarachnoid and central canal

24
Q

where is a spinal tap performed?

A

between vertebral L3-L5 in the subarachnoid mater

25
Q

what are the gray matter structures of the spinal cord?

A

gray comissure, central canal, and horns

26
Q

what are the white matter structures of the spinal cord?

A

white comissure, columns, and tracts

27
Q

what is a gray commissure

A

gray matter connecting both sides of the spinal cord

28
Q

this structure is continuous with the fourth ventricle and contains CSF

A

central canal

29
Q

where and what does the ventral horn

A

anterior, contain cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons

30
Q

where and what does the lateral horn do

A

lateral, contain cell bodies of the autonomic motor neurons

31
Q

where and what does the dorsal horn do

A

cell bodies of interneurons and sensory neurons

32
Q

what is on white matter?

A

myelin

33
Q

what does the white commisure do

A

connect white matter of right and left spinal cord

34
Q

what are the three divisions of white matter on the spinal cord

A

ventral column, lateral column and dorsal column

35
Q

what are columns divided into to

A

tracts

36
Q

this is an example of a sensory tract

A

spinothalamic tract

37
Q

what does the spinothalamic tract do

A

carry impulses from the spinal cord to the thalamus

38
Q

what type of impulses does the spinothalamtic tract bring to the thalamus

A

pain, temperature, touch and pressure

39
Q

these nerve impulses follow the spinothalamic tract in the lateral section

A

pain and temperature

40
Q

these nerve impulses follow the spinothalamic tract in the anterior section

A

touch and pressure

41
Q

the sensory tracts always move from

A

bottom to top, ascending

42
Q

the motor tracts always move from

A

top to bottom, descending

43
Q

an example of the motor tract is the

A

corticospinal tract

44
Q

the corticospinal tract moves impulses from

A

cerebral cortex to the spinal cord

45
Q

the nerve impulses that follow the corticospinal tract in the anterior side control the

A

axial muscles

46
Q

the nerve impulses that follow the corticospinal tract in the lateral side control the

A

limb muscles

47
Q

define reflexes

A

fast, involuntary response to stimuli

48
Q

these are the two types of reflexes

A

spinal and cranial

49
Q

these are the two types of spinal reflexes

A

reflexes you learn and reflexes you are born with

50
Q

define spinal reflex

A

integration is in spinal cord

51
Q

define cranial reflexes

A

integration is within the brain

52
Q

give some examples of learned reflexes

A

depth perception, withdraw, movement when something is coming towards you

53
Q

give some examples of reflexes one is born with

A

sneezing, coughing, vomiting (controlled by medulla oblangata!)

HSS305 Anatomy (20 decks)

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