chapter 11 Flashcards
altruism
actions performed voluntarily with the intention of helping someone else that entail no expectation of receiving a reward or benefit in return (except possibly an internal feeling of having done a good deed for someone)
bystander effect
the tendency for bystanders in an emergency to help less often and less quickly as the number of bystanders present increases
bystander intervention
in an emergency situation, a quick response by a person witnessing the emergency to help another who is endangered by events
diffusion of responsibility
the process wherein a bystander does not take action (eg in an emergency situation) because there are other bystanders who share the responsibility for intervening
egoism
helping behaviour motivated by a helpers own sense of self gratification
empathy
an emotional response to others as if we ourselves were in that persons situations ; feeling pleasure at another’s pleasure or pain at another’s pain
helping
any behaviour that has the consequences of providing some benefit to or improving the well being of another person
norm of reciprocity
a social norm stating that people should 1) help those who have previously helped them and 2) not help those who have denied them help for no legitimate reason
personal norms
feelings of moral obligation to perform specific actions that stem from an individuals internalized system of values
prosocial behaviour
a broad category of actions considered by society as being beneficial to others and as having positive social consequences. A wide variety of specific behaviours qualify as prosocial, including donation to charity, intervention in emergencies, cooperation, sharing, volunteering, sacrifice, and the like.
social responsibility norm
a widely accepted social norm stating that individuals should help people
who are dependent on them
