Chapter 10: nursing care of patient in pain Flashcards
1
Q
pain
A
“an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated w/ actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage”
2
Q
types of pain
A
acute vs chronic
3
Q
acute pain
A
- lasts < 3 months
- prompts an inflammatory response
- signs and symptoms are short term, objective, physical. ex: increased heart rate
4
Q
chronic pain
A
- lasts more than 3 months
- signs and symptoms persistent
5
Q
risks of uncontrolled pain
A
- body produces a stress response that causes harmful substances to be released from injured tissues
6
Q
reactions to uncontrolled pain
A
- breakdown of tissue
- increased metabolic rate
- impaired immune function
- negative emotions
*** prevents patient from participating in self-care activities
7
Q
cultural considerations of pain
A
- language
- family engagement
- spirituality
- treatment preferences
- assess each patient’s pain experience
- remember ethical principles
8
Q
who is responsible for pain management?
A
- pt is center of health care team
- entire health care team is responsible for pain management
- regulatory bodies review pain management practices
- the joint commission
- centers for medicare and medicaid services
- agency for healthcare research and quality
9
Q
opioid addiction
A
- tolerance
- physical dependence
- addiction/psychological dependence
- pseudoaddiction
10
Q
pain transmission
A
- transduction
- transmission
- perception
- modulation
11
Q
neurotransmitters
A
- prostaglandins
- bradykin
- serotonin
- substance P
- endorphins —> enkephalins
12
Q
mechanisms of pain transmission
A
nociceptive pain
neuropathic pain
13
Q
nociceptive pain
A
tissue damage
14
Q
neuropathic pain
A
nerve damage
15
Q
pain treatment
A
- opioid
- nonopioid
- adjuvant
- opioid antagonists
- other treatments
