Chapter 1 intro maternity & peds nursing ppt

Question 1

specialties of maternity nursing

Answer 1

prenatal care, labor and delivery, postpartum care, newborn care, neonatal intensive care, women’s health, infertility care.

Question 2

pediatric nursing involves caring for children between…

Answer 2

birth and 18 years old

Question 3

focus of pediatric nursing

Answer 3

safety is an important aspect. focus on normal growth and development, acute, chronic, and critical care issues, and end of life and palliative care

Question 4

nursing manager

Answer 4

wise use of resources, lack of errors in providing care, positive patient feedback

Question 5

bedside nurse

Answer 5

delivery of safe and effective care

Question 6

physician/midwife

Answer 6

positive patient response to medications and interventions without complications

Question 7

quality

Answer 7

the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge

Question 8

ways for nurses to improve quality

Answer 8

work within the scope of practice, utilize standards of care based on evidence based practice, and make sound decisions in providing care.
- deliver family and patient centered care with attention to specific needs, values, and expectations of patient and family.
- identify errors and hazards, implement safety principles

Question 9

roles in maternal-child and pediatric nursing

Answer 9

• focus on childbearing women, newborn infants, children, and families
• provide patient centered and family centered care
• roles include: lpn, rn, np, cns, cnm, cna

Question 10

role of LPN in maternal child and pediatric nursing

Answer 10

provides nursing care in multiple settings under RN, NP, physician or midwife
- may help prep patients for pregnancy and delivery

Question 11

registered nurse role in maternal child and pediatric nursing

Answer 11

• assess, plan, and provide care to include teaching, monitoring the pregnancy through delivery, providing postpartum and newborn care, and caring for pediatric patients across developmental period

Question 12

nurse practitioner role in maternal child and pediatric nursing

Answer 12

• passed a certification exam
• prescribe medications
• emphasis on contraception, fertility problems, pre pregnancy care, pregnancy care, postpartum care, lactation problems, newborn care, and menopause care
• pediatric NPs care for children across the developmental period

Question 13

clinical nurse specialist role in maternal child and pediatric nursing

Answer 13

• RN who obtained an advanced degree in clinical preparation with an MSN level with a focus on education, management, and research roles relative to patient care

Question 14

certified nurse midwife role in maternal child and pediatric nursing

Answer 14

• MSN or DNP passed certification exam in pregnancy and delivery
• provides care through pregnancy, labor, delivery, and postpartum
• prescribes medications
• has hospital privileges to deliver babies

Question 15

legalities and ethics

Answer 15

• be aware of state laws regarding care
• nurses who do not meet expected standards can be held legally responsible
• adhere to the scope of practice

Question 16

delegation

Answer 16

delegator must know scope of practice of person carrying out task
- delegator assumes responsibility for appropriateness of delegated activity

Question 17

use 3 steps to determine if task is appropriate for delegation

Answer 17

1. clarify what the specific activity/task is by defining all aspects of issue
2. review legal standards of task
3. decide if the above elements support or reject the delegated action or task

Question 18

standards of care

Answer 18

model of established practice as correct way to provide care
- guidelines used to determine nursing actions
- identifies knowledge, skills, attitude, and judgment needed
- Association of Women’s health, obstetric, and Neonatal nurses established standards for maternity care
- Society of Pediatric Nurses establishes standards for care of children and families

Question 19

institution policies

Answer 19

• nurses held accountable for upholding agency or healthcare institution policies

Question 20

evidence based practice

Answer 20

• nursing care in which all interventions are based on current and valid research evidence
• nursing research in practice at the bedside
• uses scientific studies to answer why interventions should be changed when providing care

Question 21

informed consent

Answer 21

patient understands and accepts risks and benefits of procedure
- 18 years or older
- written consent must be signed by hcp and adult pt before procedure/treatment
- children: legal caregiver, parent or guardian signs consent

Question 22

assent

Answer 22

feedback from child more than 7 years of age regarding medical treatment
- includes child in decision making process
- child is asked if she/he has any questions or concerns
- not all children are developmentally ready

Question 23

emancipation of a minor

Answer 23

• grants adult rights to a child of age and appropriate developmental level
• minor is able to process complex information related to decisions in health care and medical treatments
• married pregnant teenager: automatic emancipation
• unmarried pregnant teenager: not emancipated

Question 24

children have the right to

Answer 24

provisions, protection, and participation

Question 25

children’s right to provisions

Answer 25

provisions of safe living, health care, education, clean water, appropriate diets, adequate rest, sleep, play, and recreation

Question 26

children’s right to protection

Answer 26

protected from abuse, exploitation, neglect, discrimination at home, school, community areas, and health care institutions

Question 27

children’s right to participation

Answer 27

offered full participation in community activities, art, sports, cultural events

Question 28

families are entitled to protected rights including….

Answer 28

• right to full participation in healthcare discussions and decision making concerning the child
• right to active participation in cultural beliefs and practices whenever possible
• right to visitation and family participation in the treatment and care of the child
• right to comfort by having pain and discomfort addressed and treated promptly
• right to have interpretation services by a translator when a language barrier exists
• right to personal dignity and privacy during assessments, diagnostics, procedures, and treatments
• right to receive emergency treatment regardless of the ability to pay
• right to be free of restraints or seclusion unless clinically necessary
• right to refuse care provided by students
• right to decline to participate in research programs or projects

Question 29

ethics

Answer 29

• moral principles that guide a person’s behavior
• concerned with right/wrong
• American Nurses Association Code of Ethics is used to guide nursing practice
• fairness, honesty, and respect for human beings are important in maternity and pediatric settings

Question 30

autonomy

Answer 30

right to have control of body and make decisions

Question 31

beneficence

Answer 31

spirit of compassion and kindness to benefit others
- balance the benefits of treatment against the risks and costs

Question 32

nonmaleficence
“do no harm”

Answer 32

inflict the least possible harm to reach a beneficial outcome

Question 33

justice

Answer 33

fairness for individuals, groups, organizations, and communities
- fair allocation of services and resources

Question 34

ethical issues a nurse may encounter

Answer 34

• abortion
• pregnant mother smoking, drinking alcohol, using illicit drugs
• patient wanting elective c section
• provision of futile care or an extremely premature newborn
• a young adolescent with no family support leaving hospital with a newborn
• infertility treatment that is expensive and not successful
• a teenager with aggressive cancer who wants to be allowed to die
• a homeless child living in a car with his family being discharged with a new diagnosis of asthma
• a child with type 1 diabete4s being cared for by a mother who has dual mental health diagnoses

Question 35

overarching goals of family centered care

Answer 35

• empowerment: interaction between family and hcp where family maintains sense of control over their lives
• enabling: providing opportunities for family members to master the child’s care
• families should be encouraged to be present with the child whenever possible
• siblings are to be included

Question 36

therapeutic communication

Answer 36

• nurses support autonomy, allowing patients to make their own decisions
• help clarify patient’s values and viewpoints

Question 37

special considerations in pediatric nursing

Answer 37

• children are not little adults
• there are anatomical and physiological differences between children and adults

Question 38

anatomic and physiological differences between children and adults

Answer 38

• airways anatomically small
• nose breathers for first several weeks
• heads disproportionately large
• large posterior head bone occiput
• poorly developed intercostal chest muscles
• less lung tidal volume
• larger body surface area
• less total circulating blood volume
• high glucose needs
• relatively healthy cardiovascular system
• immature temperature regulation
• immature immune system
• challenges in assessment and treatment of the six human symptoms

Question 39

by adolescence, differences lessen compared with adults

Answer 39

• how child is affected by trauma/injuries
• child’s physical illnesses in relation to severity
• child’s rapid rate of decompensation
• blood pressure changes demonstrate late sign of shock
• slower rate of metabolism of medications