Chapter 10 : Cell Cycle and Function Flashcards
What are the causes of cell division ?
disturbance of kern plasmic ratio
increase in the surface and volume ratio
How long does it take a human cell to complete the cell cycle?
24 hrs
How long does it take for a yeast cell to complete the cell cycle?
90 mins
How long does it take for an E. Coli cell to complete the cell cycle?
20 mins
What are the things that happens in the G 1 phase?
cell organelle are synthesized
maximum growth in the cell takes place
different types of RNA and proteins are synthesized
What are hte things that happens inthe S phase?
replication of DNA
histone protein is synthesized
in animal cells: the centriole duplicates
What happens in hte S phase?
speical material for the m phase is synthesized
What is hte other name of G 0 phase?
quiescent phase
In which animal haploid cell do we see mitosis? ( the exception)
some social animals( bees)
Which cells show mitosis in plant cell?
both haploid and diploid cells of plant cell
What marks the start of prophase?
condensation of chromosomal material
What are the things that happens in the prophase stagr?
condensation of chromosome
formation of astral rays around the centriole
centrioles move to the opposite ends
at the end of prophase the centriole to the opposite ends
disassocaition of golgi apparatus, ER, Nucleolus, Nuclear envelope
What marks the start of metaphase?
complete disintegration of hte nuclear envelope
What is studied during the metaphsae?
morphology of chromosomes
What happens during the G 2 phase?
the proteins for the formation of spindle fibre
What happens in the metaphase?
spindle fibre is attached to the spindle fibre
the chromosome forms the metaphase plate
What happens during the anaphse?
the chromosoes move towards the opposite ends
number of chromosomes doubles
chromatids move to the opposite ends
What happens in the telophase stage ?
chromosomes move towards the opposite ends
nuclear envelope develops
nucleolus , golgi body and ER reforms
What leads to the separation of the chromatids?
separatase enzyme
How does cytokinesis take place in animal cells?
furrow formation
What are the components involved to make the cell furrow?
actin is involved
How does cytokinesis take place in plant cell?
with the fomraion of cell plate
What happens ot the cell plate as the cells develops?
they form the middle lamellae
What is the meaning of synctium?
when cytokinesis deos not take place after karyokinesis
Give an example where synctium take place?
in the endosperm of coconut
In what type of animal cells does mitosis take place?
in diploid cell except some social insects like bees
In what type of plant cell does mitosis take place?
higher plant – diploid
lower plant— haploid
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