Chap. 9 Nervous System D+C, Treatments

Question 1

Alzheimer’s Disease

Answer 1

AD, idiopathic atrophy of neurons in brain

Question 2

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Answer 2

ALS, degeneration of skeletal motor neurons (stephen hawking), idiopathic

Question 3

Bell’s Palsy

Answer 3

hemiplegia of the face, could be from a virus

Question 4

what is another name for ALS

Answer 4

Lou Gehrig’s disease

Question 5

what happens when you have a Cerebral Aneurysm

Answer 5

you have a stroke

Question 6

Cerebral aneurysm

Answer 6

localized balloon of vessel in the brain

Question 7

Cerebral contusion

Answer 7

brain bruise from physical trauma, no treatment, just heals, neurons do not regenerate all the way

Question 8

Cerebral palsy

Answer 8

CP, usually due to birth trauma, brain goes without oxygen for too long, causes the brain from developing (losing neurons); minimally to totally disabled

Question 9

cerebrovascular accident

Answer 9

CVA, loss of blood supply to the brain (“stroke”)

Question 10

what are the 2 types of CVA’s?

Answer 10

hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke

Question 11

which is more common: a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke?

Answer 11

hemorrhagic

Question 12

hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 12

ruptured aneurysm

Question 13

ischemic stroke

Answer 13

when an artery is blocked by a blood clot

Question 14

coma

Answer 14

brain turns off everything except vital body functions; the brain is taking a break so it can heal, after trauma, growing usually stops

Question 15

concussion

Answer 15

bruising/injury to the brain from sports/trauma that n

Question 16

CTE

Answer 16

when there is a traumatic injury, afterwards sometimes abnormal proteins connect neurons irregularly; think: football players

Question 17

what is the only way to find if someone has CTE

Answer 17

postmortem

Question 18

what is myelin

Answer 18

a gelatinous covering over the “tail” of neurons

Question 19

what does myelin do?

Answer 19

facilitates and allows the electrical impulses to travel quickly and insulates it so it doesn’t “get lost”

Question 20

what doesn’t re-develop in the brain but makes new _____?

Answer 20

neurons do not re-develop (there is not a unlimited number of them) but, they do make new connections in the brain

Question 21

is CTE detectable by anything

Answer 21

no, it is undetectable by CT’s, MRI’s, etc.

Question 22

dementia

Answer 22

precursor to AD or may not progess at all

Question 23

Epidural Hematoma

Answer 23

EDH, bleeding from trauma in between the dura matter and skull; can cause pressure from the blood building up in the brain/skull which causes pain, to increase

Question 24

what is the pressure called in a EDH

Answer 24

intracranial pressure

Question 25

epilepsy

Answer 25

diseases that causes seizures; arrhythmia of the brain

Question 26

what is the treatment for EDH and SDH

Answer 26

burr holes are drilled into the skull where there is the most swelling

Question 27

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Answer 27

GB Syndrome, inflammation of PNS post infection, progressive muscle weakness that may lead to paralysis; pain; your autoimmune system attacks your PNS; idiopathic

Question 28

what does an MRI show?

Answer 28

where the myelin is gone, fluid instead of nerve

Question 29

multiple sclerosis

Answer 29

MS, autoimmune that causes degeneration of myelin; snowflake disease; affects vision, balance, muscle control; selma blair

Question 30

parkinson’s disease

Answer 30

PD, Michael J. Fox has this, idiopathic disease of the brain which causes tremors

Question 31

poliomyelitis

Answer 31

polio, viral infection of nervous system that causes paralysis permanently

Question 32

what can occur in patients that used to have polio?

Answer 32

post polio syndrome, symptoms reoccur just not as severe, b/c of a weakened autoimmune system in older people

Question 33

seizure

Answer 33

see reasons other than epilepsy

Question 34

shingles

Answer 34

herpes (chicken pox), viral infection that causes breakout along ribs, extremely painful in older people

Question 35

subdural hematoma

Answer 35

see EDH, except subdural

Question 36

syncope

Answer 36

fainting

Question 37

transient ischemic attack

Answer 37

TIA, angina is to MI as TIA is to a CVA, warning sign/mini-stroke

Question 38

tremor

Answer 38

see parkinsons

Question 39

what do mental disorders and conditions affect?

Answer 39

does not affect your body, but rather how you process information

Question 40

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 40

GAD, excessive worry that can have physical symptoms like increased HR, chest pain, sweating, nausea, and HA’s

Question 41

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Answer 41

OCD, repetition from fear; 85% of the time its from the fear of germs

Question 42

panic disorder

Answer 42

PD, sudden recurring attack that have physical symptoms, basically GAD on steroids, you could have an actual heart attack (things like that)

Question 43

post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 43

PTSD, fear, started in the military

Question 44

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Answer 44

ADHD, inability to focus on 1 task for a certain amount of time, lack of impulse control

Question 45

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 45

ASD, developmental disability where the patient has difficulty communicating with others; social norms; idiopathic and on the rise