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Med Term Vocab > Chap. 4 Integument Pathology > Flashcards

Chap. 4 Integument Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

injuries to skin caused by excessive heat

A

burns

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2
Q

what kills people in burn injuries?

A

the escaping of fluid not the burn

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3
Q

how are burns categorized and what does it depend on?

A

depends on how long, exposure, how far or close the heat was; burns are categorized from 1st to 3rd degree, 1st being the least, 3rd being the most

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4
Q

1st degree burn

A

burn that just affects the epidermis; symptoms include: hyperesthesia (heightened sensitivity); erythema; no blisters; ex: steam burn or oven burn

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5
Q

2nd degree burn

A

affects epidermis and dermis; symptoms include: hyperesthesia (heightened sensitivity); erythema; blisters; ex: sunburns

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6
Q

3rd degree burn

A

affects all layers of skin; epidermis, dermis and hypodermis; symptoms include: anesthesia (without sensation) and/or hyperesthesia (heightened sensitivity); ex: black charred tissue (dead)

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7
Q

acne

A

inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces bumps; as the glands produce more oil and you don’t wash your face the pores get clogged and then infected

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8
Q

albinism

A

an inherited condition where here is no melanin production in skin

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9
Q

alopecia

A

hair loss due to ageing, illness, or iatrogenic

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10
Q

cicatrix

A

scar; no way to predict what they look like

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11
Q

cyanosis

A

the appearance of blue skin due to lack of circulation (oxygen) or vasoconstriction; pink to white to blue to black

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12
Q

eczema

A

(dermatitis) autoimmune, acute, or chronic skin lesions characterized by erythema, itchiness, and edema (swelling)

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13
Q

gangrene

A

necrotic tissue

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14
Q

keloid

A

cicatrix gone wild/wrong

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15
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial infection; highly contagious; usually in children; usually on the face

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16
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruise caused by ruptured capillaries beneath the skin

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17
Q

capillaries

A

tiny blood vessels

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18
Q

Debridement

A

removal of damaged tissues and foreign debris to promote healing

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19
Q

skin graft

A

transplantation of skin from one person to another

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20
Q

autograft

A

same person is the donor and recipient of skin graft

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21
Q

dermaton

A

knife used in skin graft

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22
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

nice cancer; slow growing; seldom (means rarely); metastasizes (cancer travels to make new tumors)

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23
Q

kaposi’s sarcoma

A

cancer that looks purplish patches (erythematous) in the lining of the nose, mouth, throat, and other organs; usually in AID’s patients; weakens the immune system

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24
Q

malignant melanoma

A

mean cancer; aggressive spreading cancer of melanocytes

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25
Q

ABCDE Rule

A

Asymmetry (can you split it evenly in half?)
Border (is it smooth?)
Color (does it have multiple colors? is it very dark?)
Diameter (is it bigger/smaller than 1/4 inches?)
Evolution (is it changing over time?)

done during your yearly skin check; doctor takes photos every year and documents them

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26
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

middle of the road cancer of squamous cells in skin

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27
Q

something weird on the skin

A

Noncancerous lesions

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28
Q

cyst

A

a thick walled pouch or sac containing fluid and pus down deep

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29
Q

macule

A

freckle

30
Q

nevus

A

mole

31
Q

nodule

A

a red solid skin elevation with a diameter > than 1cm (2nd)

32
Q

papule

A

a red solid skin elevation with a diameter < 1 cm (1st)

33
Q

polyp

A

skin tag; more common in elderly people

34
Q

pustule

A

a small infected skin elevation that contains pus (abscess) (3rd)

35
Q

ulcer

A

an open sore or erosion of the skin (decubitus ulcer or bed sore or pressure sore); from staying in the same position; (nursing home)- can be sued; no treatment; must heal by themselves; risks are pain and infection

36
Q

vesicle

A

blister

37
Q

wheal

A

hives; slightly swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin; autoimmune conditions

38
Q

psoriasis

A

eczema on steroids; autoimmune; dry, scally, red; attacks joints as well; itchy patches on skin with silvery hard covering

39
Q

what happens to old cells?

A

as the cells of the epidermis get “older” they slip off and new cells are generated

40
Q

tinea

A

anywhere but foot: ringworm
in foot: athletes foot
it’s a fungal infection
MUST COME IN CONTACT WITH INFECTION; moist environments; person to person

41
Q

scabies

A

bed bugs/parasitic infection of the skin; causes redness and inflammation; hard to treat because it’s buried beneath the skin; you have to burn everything (like the bed sheets and mattress)

42
Q

vililigo

A

complete loss of pigment in one or more areas of the skin; idiopathic; skin cancer is a concern

43
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or (Butterfly rash)

A

an autoimmune condition of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs; inflammation; pain; destruction; red rash is common

44
Q

autoimmune conditions

A

redder or paler than surrounding skin

45
Q

wart

A

viral infection of the skin (papilloma virus)

46
Q

allergens are placed/scratched on skin to see if you are allergic (on back or arm)

A

Scratch Test

47
Q

allergies are injected into skin

A

Intradermal Skin Test

48
Q

how to indicate a positive Allergy Skin Test

A

red or itchy

49
Q

Excisional biopsy

A

surgical removal of the entire lesion

50
Q

Incisional biopsy

A

cut into the tissue for removal of a small piece

51
Q

Exfoliative cytology

A

tissue is scraped to look at; specifically for bacteria or grow in a medium to look for fungus; ringworm and impetigo

52
Q

what’s a medium?

A

agar plate; used to grow bacteria so once it’s big enough it can be viewed

53
Q

needle biopsy

A

a hollow needle is placed inside the lesion to remove a cor sample used to look for cancerous cells (core layer/ one layer); often used in neck for thyroid or in breast for breast cancer or to extract bone marrow

54
Q

punch biopsy

A

small circular blade that rotates down through the epidermis and dermis into the subcutaneous layer producing a cylindrical core of tissue (you get all the layers)

55
Q

blepharopasty

A

eyelid lift

56
Q

cauterization

A

using heat or electricity or chemicals to cut tissue; used for minimal bleeding

57
Q

cryosugery

A

freezing tissue like a wart (liquid nitrogen)

58
Q

dermabrasion

A

cosmetic procedure using abrasive materials to remove layer of epidermis; elective surgery

59
Q

lipectomy

A

surgical removal of fat; elective surgery

60
Q

liposuction

A

cosmetic procedure used to suck fat out of the body; elective surgery

61
Q

elective surgery

A

a surgery that is out of pocket, insurance does not pay for it

62
Q

mohs surgery

A

a way to remove skin cancer by taking it off layer by layer; no skin graft, they stretch the skin and apply stitches

63
Q

abscess treatment

A

incision and drainage

64
Q

anesthetic

A

absence of sensation

65
Q

antibiotic

A

cures bacterial infections

66
Q

anitfungal

A

cures fungal infections

67
Q

antiviral

A

cures viral infections

68
Q

corticosteroid

A

anti-inflammatory

69
Q

immunosuppressant

A

suppresses immune system

70
Q

lesion

A

another word for something weird growing on the skin

71
Q

noncancerous lesions in order of severity

A

papule, nodule, pustule, cyst

Med Term Vocab (20 decks)

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